Study title

In his investigation of development of science policies in Germany the author first of all develops a functional scheme of systematization: “science as a social system for thinking and action is embedded in a public, social and economic interest field. Scientific activity should be understood in terms of a public socio-economic system of action. The field of action within the triad of economics, science and the state is shaped by different factors of the environment… Determining factors for scientific, political and economic systems of action are general economic, military, social, cultural, historical and international conditions” (Pfetsch, a. cit., p. 16, 20). In another section the term of science policy is specifically defined. “Scientific policy as a field of research tries to determine and analyze the procedures and institutions of political scientific decisions and the objectives that the decision-makers consider, consciously or unconsciously… Science policies are all measures which are directed to teaching and research in universities and those that are undertaken by private persons, organized groups and public organizations. The direct or indirect objective of those measures is to promote the extension of knowledge.” (Pfetsch, a. cit., S. 26, p. 30f). According to the theoretical concept of this study it was tried extrapolate to parts of the action network of science, state and economy through longitudinal and cross-sectional analyzes. Public science policy is reflected by the expenses for science and technology. The structure of public expenditure reflects the order of preferences in political decision making. The financing of scientific actions through the German Reich and the five largest federal states (Prussia, Bavaria, Saxony, Württemberg and Baden) was determined and presented according to various criteria (chapter II) to see the space of action of public administration. Under the term “science expenditure” expenditures for universities and...