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Experiences of Grief: A Phenomenological Survey, 2020
Creator
Millar, B, University of York
Ratcliffe, M, University of York
Richardson, L, University of York
Hughes, E, University of York
Study number / PID
856067 (UKDA)
10.5255/UKDA-SN-856067 (DOI)
Data access
Open
Series
Not available
Abstract
Most people are affected profoundly by bereavement at some point in their lives. However, the experience of grief remains poorly understood. Those who are grieving often remark that aspects of their grief are bewildering, hard to articulate, and difficult or impossible for others to comprehend. For instance, it might be that everything appears distant, strange, or even unreal, that what has happened seems somehow impossible, that one’s sense of self has been radically transformed, and that the person who has died is absent and yet in some way still present.
The aim of this phenomenological survey was to investigate these and other features of grief, identify differences and commonalities between people’s experiences, and thus facilitate detailed, wide-ranging philosophical analyses of what is involved in experiencing grief (see, for example, Matthew Ratcliffe, Grief Worlds: A Study of Emotional Experience, MIT Press, 2022). The study was conducted as part of the project ‘Grief: A Study of Human Emotional Experience’ at the University of York, funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council. (Details of the project can be found at www.griefyork.com)
The researchers drew upon themes that are central to first-person accounts of bereavement and also to phenomenological philosophy, in order to design a set of 21 questions addressing several prominent aspects of grief. Participants were invited to provide free-text responses to these questions, with no word limits. They selected present- or past-tense versions of the questionnaire, depending on whether or not they identified their grief as “current.” Present-tense versions of the questions were as follows:
(1) What was the nature of your relationship with the person who died?
(2) Please can you tell us about the circumstances of the bereavement, including when it occurred.
(3) How has the person’s death affected you during the hours, days, and weeks that followed?
(4) How, if at all, have your...
Terminology used is generally based on DDI controlled vocabularies: Time Method, Analysis Unit, Sampling Procedure and Mode of Collection, available at CESSDA Vocabulary Service.
Methodology
Data collection period
01/01/2020 - 31/12/2020
Country
United Kingdom
Time dimension
Not available
Analysis unit
Individual
Universe
Not available
Sampling procedure
Not available
Kind of data
Text
Data collection mode
This survey was based on an earlier study design, co-developed by one of the researchers in order to study experiences of depression (see Matthew Ratcliffe, Experiences of Depression: A Study in Phenomenology, Oxford University Press, 2015). To formulate the study questions, the researchers identified themes that are prominent in published first-person accounts of grief and, in particular, those aspects of grief that were frequently identified as bewildering and difficult to understand. Consistent themes included changes in the experience of self, body, world, time, change, reality, and interpersonal connection. The researchers were also guided by work in the phenomenological tradition of philosophy, where such themes are similarly prominent. Questions were designed to investigate experiences of grief in a non-leading way. Participants were invited to provide free-text responses to these questions and to write as much or as little as they liked. The data collected was then employed to inform ongoing philosophical studies of grief undertaken by the researchers. It is also anticipated that the results will be of use to other researchers, in a variety of disciplines, who are working on grief.The survey was made openly available on the online platform Qualtrix, and the link to it was disseminated widely via social media channels such as Twitter and Facebook. Anyone over the age of eighteen who identified as currently or previously experiencing grief over the death of a person was invited to complete it. The link was shared by charities such as Cruse Bereavement Care and support groups such as Way Up. Although UK-based respondents were not specifically targeted, the survey was conducted by UK-based researchers and shared predominantly by individuals, charities and support groups within the UK. Thus, most participants were UK nationals. Other nationalities listed were United States/American (13), Dutch (4), German (4), Irish (2), Australian (2), Swedish (1), New Zealand (1), Polish (1), and Ghanaian (1). There was a bias towards female respondents. In total, 240 respondents identified as female and only 25 as male. All participants identified as either female or male; none chose to self-describe. A total of 173 participants reported an ongoing experience of grief, while 92 reported a past experience. Data has been compiled into an Excel document. Responses to the present-tense version of the questionnaire can be seen under the blue-headed questions, while responses to the past-tense version can be seen under the orange-headed questions
Funding information
Grant number
AH/T000066/1
Access
Publisher
UK Data Service
Publication year
2022
Terms of data access
The Data Collection is available to any user without the requirement for registration for download/access.