Study title

This paper-and-pencil survey data is collected as part of a dissertation project on the effectiveness of on-site citizenship education on (inequalities in) democratic engagement. The hypothesized causal effects of on-site citizenship programs are tested by comparing the democratic engagement of students that did and did not yet participate in the main Dutch on-site citizenship program. The quasi-experimental data consists of four waves among 585 students in thirty classes and three schools, and allows for controlling for pre-test sensitization and time period by means of a Solomon four group design. The results show that the high expectations of on-site citizenship education need to be tempered: the main Dutch on-site citizenship program has a robust and lasting effect on political knowledge, but not on political attitudes and behaviors. Moreover, the program generally does not reduce pre-existing inequalities.