Study title

UNDER-ICE was initiated in 2014. The primary objective of the project was to increase the knowledge about water masses and processes in ice-covered seas, including heat and volume fluxes, freshwater fluxes, ice-ocean processes, and primary production based on observations and modelling in the European sector of the Arctic Ocean in the climate system. The main experimental component in the project was the acoustic network that facilitates acoustic tomography, oceanography, and passive acoustics in the Fram Strait. Five moorings were deployed in 2014 in the Fram Strait for a two-year long tomographic experiment. In addition, the acoustic network was supported by a physical oceanography mooring, denoted Y3, deployed in 2014 on the Yermak Plateau.