2026-05-31T09:17:32Z https://datacatalogue.cessda.eu/oai-pmh/v0/oai

ccf5a4359326f222be7b8defa8b033edd6668d6c8d664c9aa00f3ef890c6065a 2025-10-09T03:50:31Z language:enopenaire_data

DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 7196 Households Below Average Income, 1994/95-2023/24: Secure Access 719610.5255/UKDA-SN-7196-16 Office for National Statistics, Social and Vital Statistics Division NatCen Social Research Department for Work and Pensions <a href="https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/information-management/re-using-public-sector-information/uk-government-licensing-framework/crown-copyright/" target="_blank">© Crown copyright</a> Department for Work and Pensions UK Data Service 15 February 2013 COVID-19HOUSEHOLDSHOUSEHOLD BUDGETSHOUSEHOLD INCOMEAGESPOUSE'S AGEINCOMESOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITSSOCIAL SECURITYWATER RATESCARE OF DEPENDANTSHOUSINGCOSTSELDERLYPENSION BENEFITSCHILDRENSAVINGSINVESTMENT RETURNETHNIC GROUPSFREE SCHOOL MEALSMORTGAGESLOW PAYECONOMIC ACTIVITYSELF-EMPLOYEDEMPLOYMENTFAMILIESSOCIAL HOUSINGRENTED ACCOMMODATIONHOME OWNERSHIPCOST OF LIVINGSOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORSDEBTSEXPENDITUREHOUSING FINANCEHOUSING TENUREINSURANCEINTEREST (FINANCE)SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONSWAGESSPOUSESDISABLED CHILDRENDISABILITIESSICKNESS AND DISABILITY BENEFITS Economic conditions and indicatorsIncome, property and investment/savingConsumption and consumer behaviour Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner. <ul> </ul> <ul> </ul> HBAI provides information on potential living standards in the UK as determined by net disposable income (equivalised). HBAI enables the analysis of changes in income patterns over time. Latest edition information For the 15th edition (April 2025), resamples data have been added to the study alongside supporting documentation. Main data back to 1994/95 have been updated to latest-year prices, and the documentation has been updated accordingly. Users should note that the Secure Access versions of the Family Resources Survey and Pensioners' Incomes statistics data, previously held together with HBAI, have been moved to SNs 9256 and 9257, respectively. Users should note that some documentation may still refer to 'Safe Room' rather than 'Secure Access'.Main Topics: Low income; poverty; inequality; and material deprivation, with the item set and grouping revised substantially from 2023-24.  Labelling of variables Users should note that many variables across the resamples files do not include full variable or value labels. This information can be found easily in the documentation - see the Harmonised Data Variables Guide. 31 March 202331 March 2024 United Kingdom IndividualsFamilies/householdsNational Family Resources Survey respondents. Numeric Repeated cross-sectional study Multi-stage stratified random sample Compilation/Synthesis The Data Collection is available to UK Data Service registered users subject to the <a href="https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/app/uploads/cd137-enduserlicence.pdf" target="_blank">End User Licence Agreement</a>.Commercial use is not permitted.Use of the data requires approval from the data owner or their nominee. Users must apply for access via a Secure Access application.Registered users must complete the Safe Researcher Training course and gain <a href="https://www.statisticsauthority.gov.uk/about-the-authority/better-useofdata-statistics-and-research/betterdataaccess-research/better-useofdata-for-research-information-for-researchers/" target="_blank">DEA Accredited Researcher Status</a>. Additional condition of use: Baseline Personnel Security Standard CheckAccessing data from the Department for Work and Pensions through the UK Data Archive’s SecureLab requires a Baseline Personnel Security Standard (BPSS) check. For further guidance on BPSS please visit the <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/government-baseline-personnel-security-standard" target="_blank">Government baseline personnel security standard guidelines</a><a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/government-baseline-personnel-security-standard" target="_blank">.</a> Although this guidance is primarily for the Civil Service, Armed Forces and Government contractors, it applies equally to researchers accessing data via the UK Data Archive, UK Data Service.A suitable officer at your institution must confirm that the following four elements have been verified: <ul><li>Identity</li><li>Employment History (for a minimum of the past 3 years)</li><li>Nationality and Immigration Status</li><li>Criminal Record (unspent convictions only).</li></ul>Confirmation of the BPSS check must be received in writing. The UK Data Archive has prepared a <a href="https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/app/uploads/dwp_bpss_requirement_v1.0.docx">template letter</a> that can be used by an officer at your institution to confirm the required BPSS information. We are unable to process applications that are not accompanied by this confirmation. Additional condition of use: Suppression ThresholdNo cell in any published table should contain or be based on frequencies of less than 30 in line with the suppression threshold applied by the Chief Statistician as reported in the <a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/family-resources-survey-financial-year-2020-to-2021/family-resources-survey-background-information-and-methodology">Family Resources Survey: background information and methodology document</a>. See <restrctn> https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/households-below-average-income-hbai--2 https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/family-resources-survey--2 https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/bounce?type=case-study&id=5 https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/households-below-average-income-hbai--2 Chzhen, Y. and Bradshaw, J. (2024) 'The two‐child limit and child poverty in the United Kingdom', International Journal of Social Welfare. doi:10.1111/ijsw.12642 https://doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12642 https://oai.ukdataservice.ac.uk:8443/oai/provider 7196 2025-04-17T06:10:41Z ddi:codebook:2_5