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        <titl xml:lang="en">International Social Survey Programme: Religion I-IV Cumulation</titl>
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        <IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="GESIS">ZA8792, Version 2.0.0</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="de" agency="GESIS">ZA8792, Version 2.0.0</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="DOI">10.4232/1.14482</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="de" agency="DOI">10.4232/1.14482</IDNo>
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="Austria" xml:lang="en">Scholz, Kathrin
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Austria" xml:lang="de">Scholz, Kathrin
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="en">Bean, Clive
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="de">Bean, Clive
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Haller, Max
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Haller, Max
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Höllinger, Franz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Höllinger, Franz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="International Survey Centre, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="en">Kelley, Jonathan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="International Survey Centre, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="de">Kelley, Jonathan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="International Survey Centre, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="en">Evans, Mariah
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="International Survey Centre, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="de">Evans, Mariah
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="en">Evans, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="de">Evans, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Agency for Social Analyses (ASA), Sofia, Bulgaria" xml:lang="en">Dimova, Lilia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Agency for Social Analyses (ASA), Sofia, Bulgaria" xml:lang="de">Dimova, Lilia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="en">Segovia, Carolina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="de">Segovia, Carolina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="en">Lehmann, Carla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="de">Lehmann, Carla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="en">Valenzuela, Paulina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="de">Valenzuela, Paulina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Applied Research, Cyprus College, Nicosia, Cyprus" xml:lang="en">Papageorgiou, Bambos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Applied Research, Cyprus College, Nicosia, Cyprus" xml:lang="de">Papageorgiou, Bambos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="en">Hamplová, Dana
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="de">Hamplová, Dana
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Aalborg University, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Torpe, Lars
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Aalborg University, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Torpe, Lars
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Aalborg University, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Andersen, Johannes
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Aalborg University, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Andersen, Johannes
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Andersen, Jørgen G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Andersen, Jørgen G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Harrits, Gitte S.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Harrits, Gitte S.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Mouritzen, Poul E.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Mouritzen, Poul E.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Borre, Ole
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Borre, Ole
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Togeby, Lise
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Togeby, Lise
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Jæger, Mads
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Jæger, Mads
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Fridberg, Torben
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Fridberg, Torben
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy, Education and Study of Religions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Lüchau, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy, Education and Study of Religions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Lüchau, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Kjær, Ulrik
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Kjær, Ulrik
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Copenhagen University, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Andersen, Bjarne H.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Copenhagen University, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Andersen, Bjarne H.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Gundelach, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Gundelach, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Copenhagen University, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Nielsen, Hans J.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Copenhagen University, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Nielsen, Hans J.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Taylor, Bridget
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Taylor, Bridget
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Prior, Gillian
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Prior, Gillian
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Brook, Lindsay
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Brook, Lindsay
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Stratford, Nina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Stratford, Nina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Bromley, Catherine
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Bromley, Catherine
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Jarvis, Lindsey
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Jarvis, Lindsey
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Thomson, Katarina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Thomson, Katarina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Jowell, Roger
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Community Planning Research (SCPR), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Jowell, Roger
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP Association Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative, Malakoff, France" xml:lang="en">Bréchon, Pierre
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP Association Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative, Malakoff, France" xml:lang="de">Bréchon, Pierre
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="en">Lemel, Yannick
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="de">Lemel, Yannick
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="en">Forsé, Michel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="de">Forsé, Michel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ZUMA, Mannheim" xml:lang="en">Braun, Michael
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ZUMA, Mannheim" xml:lang="de">Braun, Michael
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ZUMA, Mannheim, Germany" xml:lang="en">Harkness, Janet
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ZUMA, Mannheim, Germany" xml:lang="de">Harkness, Janet
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ZUMA, Mannheim" xml:lang="en">Beckmann, Petra
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ZUMA, Mannheim" xml:lang="de">Beckmann, Petra
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS, Germany" xml:lang="en">Mohler, Peter Ph.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS, Germany" xml:lang="de">Mohler, Peter Ph.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Park, Alison
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Park, Alison
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="en">Robert, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="de">Robert, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Israel" xml:lang="en">Yuchtman-Yaar, Eppie
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Israel" xml:lang="de">Yuchtman-Yaar, Eppie
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="B.I. and Lucille Cohen, Institute for public opinion research, Tel Aviv, Israel" xml:lang="en">Lewin-Epstein, Noah L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="B.I. and Lucille Cohen, Institute for public opinion research, Tel Aviv, Israel" xml:lang="de">Lewin-Epstein, Noah L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="en">Meraviglia, Cinzia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="de">Meraviglia, Cinzia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="en">Whelan, Brendan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="de">Whelan, Brendan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="en">Ward, Conor
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Economic and Social Research Institute, Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="de">Ward, Conor
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="en">Bernini, Elena
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="de">Bernini, Elena
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="en">Fiaschi, Susanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="de">Fiaschi, Susanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="en">Calvi, Gabriele
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="de">Calvi, Gabriele
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="en">Savoldelli, Rosanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="EURISKO, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="de">Savoldelli, Rosanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="en">Accornero, Laura
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="de">Accornero, Laura
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Onodera, Noriko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Onodera, Noriko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Centre, University College Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="en">Ghiolla, Máire N.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Centre, University College Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="de">Ghiolla, Máire N.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Hara, Miwako
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Hara, Miwako
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="en">Koroleva, Ilze
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="de">Koroleva, Ilze
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="en">Tabuns, Aivars
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="de">Tabuns, Aivars
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Aramaki, Hiroshi
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Aramaki, Hiroshi
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Nishi, Kumiko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Nishi, Kumiko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Cultural Planning Office (SCP), Rijswijk, Netherlands" xml:lang="en">Becker, Jos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social and Cultural Planning Office (SCP), Rijswijk, Netherlands" xml:lang="de">Becker, Jos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research Methodology, Free University Amsterdam, Netherlands" xml:lang="en">Ganzeboom, Harry B.G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research Methodology, Free University Amsterdam, Netherlands" xml:lang="de">Ganzeboom, Harry B.G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Communication, Journalism and Marketing, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand" xml:lang="en">Gendall, Philip
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Communication, Journalism and Marketing, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand" xml:lang="de">Gendall, Philip
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centre for Social Research, Belfast, Northern Ireland" xml:lang="en">Dowds, Lizanne
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centre for Social Research, Belfast, Northern Ireland" xml:lang="de">Dowds, Lizanne
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ARK, School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, Queen`s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland" xml:lang="en">Devine, Paula
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ARK, School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, Queen`s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland" xml:lang="de">Devine, Paula
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway" xml:lang="en">Lundby, Knut
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway" xml:lang="de">Lundby, Knut
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Agder, Norway" xml:lang="en">Repstad, Pål
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Agder, Norway" xml:lang="de">Repstad, Pål
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Agder Research, Norway" xml:lang="en">Magnussen, May-Linda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Agder Research, Norway" xml:lang="de">Magnussen, May-Linda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="en">Schmidt, Ulla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="de">Schmidt, Ulla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="en">Aagedal, Olaf
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="de">Aagedal, Olaf
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="en">Botvar, Pål K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="de">Botvar, Pål K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Centre in Organization and Management, Norway" xml:lang="en">Selle, Per
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Centre in Organization and Management, Norway" xml:lang="de">Selle, Per
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Centre in Organization and Management, Norway" xml:lang="en">Stenvoll, Dag
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Centre in Organization and Management, Norway" xml:lang="de">Stenvoll, Dag
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services, Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="en">Skjåk, Knut K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services, Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="de">Skjåk, Knut K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="en">Vala, Jorge
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="de">Vala, Jorge
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="en">Cabral Villaverde, Manuel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="de">Cabral Villaverde, Manuel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="en">Ramos, Alice
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="de">Ramos, Alice
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Social Studies, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland" xml:lang="en">Cichomski, Bogdan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Social Studies, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland" xml:lang="de">Cichomski, Bogdan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Russia" xml:lang="en">Petrenko, E.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Russia" xml:lang="de">Petrenko, E.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="en">Khakhulina, Ludmilla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="de">Khakhulina, Ludmilla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakian Republic" xml:lang="en">Piscova, Magdalena
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakian Republic" xml:lang="de">Piscova, Magdalena
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Institute for Sociology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Institute for Sociology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Hafner-Fink, Mitja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Hafner-Fink, Mitja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Malnar, Brina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Malnar, Brina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Stebe, Janez
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Stebe, Janez
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Toš, Niko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Toš, Niko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">Méndez, Mónica
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">Méndez, Mónica
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">García-Pardo, Natalia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">García-Pardo, Natalia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="en">Edlund, Jonas
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="de">Edlund, Jonas
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="en">Svallfors, Stefan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="de">Svallfors, Stefan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Research team from the Institut d´éthique Social de la Fédération des Eglises protestants de la Suisse (´IES de la FEPS´), Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Research team from the Institut d´éthique Social de la Fédération des Eglises protestants de la Suisse (´IES de la FEPS´), Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Davis, James A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Davis, James A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Greeley, Andrew
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Greeley, Andrew
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Marsden, Peter V.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Marsden, Peter V.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Muckenhuber, Johanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Muckenhuber, Johanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Hadler, Markus
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Hadler, Markus
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Switzerland" xml:lang="en">Steinmetz, Stephanie
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Switzerland" xml:lang="de">Steinmetz, Stephanie
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Switzerland" xml:lang="en">Sapin, Marlène
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Switzerland" xml:lang="de">Sapin, Marlène
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Switzerland" xml:lang="en">Joye, Dominique
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Switzerland" xml:lang="de">Joye, Dominique
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago de Chile, Chile" xml:lang="en">Gonzalez, Ricardo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago de Chile, Chile" xml:lang="de">Gonzalez, Ricardo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="en">Krejčí, Jindřich
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="de">Krejčí, Jindřich
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany" xml:lang="en">Wolf, Christof
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Germany" xml:lang="de">Wolf, Christof
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">Cuesta, María
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">Cuesta, María
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="en">Melin, Harri
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="de">Melin, Harri
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="en">Blom, Raimo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="de">Blom, Raimo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Management and Business, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="en">Borg, Sami
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Management and Business, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="de">Borg, Sami
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="School of Political Studies, PACTE/CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France" xml:lang="en">Gonthier, Frédéric
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="School of Political Studies, PACTE/CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France" xml:lang="de">Gonthier, Frédéric
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="School of Political Studies, PACTE/CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France" xml:lang="en">Zmerli, Sonja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="School of Political Studies, PACTE/CNRS, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France" xml:lang="de">Zmerli, Sonja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Phillips, Miranda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Phillips, Miranda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia" xml:lang="en">Marinović Jerolimov, Dinka
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia" xml:lang="de">Marinović Jerolimov, Dinka
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="en">Kolosi, Tamás
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="de">Kolosi, Tamás
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Murata, Hiroko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Murata, Hiroko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea" xml:lang="en">Kim, Jibum
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea" xml:lang="de">Kim, Jibum
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD), Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="en">Karlsen, Gry
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD), Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="de">Karlsen, Gry
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD), Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="en">Kalgraff Skjåk, Knut
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services (NSD), Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="de">Kalgraff Skjåk, Knut
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The University of Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="en">Milne, Barry
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The University of Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="de">Milne, Barry
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The University of Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="en">Bulbulia, Joseph
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The University of Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="de">Bulbulia, Joseph
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The University of Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="en">Randow, Martin von
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The University of Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="de">Randow, Martin von
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines" xml:lang="en">Guerrero, Linda Luz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines" xml:lang="de">Guerrero, Linda Luz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="en">Olga, Karaeva
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="de">Olga, Karaeva
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="en">Bahna, Miloslav
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="de">Bahna, Miloslav
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="en">Krivý, Vladimír
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="de">Krivý, Vladimír
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="en">Zagrapan, Jozef
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="de">Zagrapan, Jozef
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="en">Klobucký, Robert
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="de">Klobucký, Robert
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan" xml:lang="en">Chang, Ying-hwa
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan" xml:lang="de">Chang, Ying-hwa
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan" xml:lang="en">Fu, Yang-chih
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan" xml:lang="de">Fu, Yang-chih
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Bautista, Rene
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Bautista, Rene
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Milan, Dept. Social and Political Sciences, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="en">Pedrazzani, Andrea
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Milan, Dept. Social and Political Sciences, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="de">Pedrazzani, Andrea
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Milan, Dept. Social and Political Sciences, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="en">Vegetti, Federico
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Milan, Dept. Social and Political Sciences, Milan, Italy" xml:lang="de">Vegetti, Federico
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="en">Struwig, Jare
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="de">Struwig, Jare
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="en">Roberts, Benjamin
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="de">Roberts, Benjamin
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="en">Ngungu, Mercy
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="de">Ngungu, Mercy
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="en">Gordon, Steven
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="de">Gordon, Steven
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TNS Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia" xml:lang="en">Saflianto, Muhammad
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TNS Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia" xml:lang="de">Saflianto, Muhammad
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Steadman Group, Nairobi, Kenya" xml:lang="en">Omondi, Paul
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Steadman Group, Nairobi, Kenya" xml:lang="de">Omondi, Paul
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Indicator-Centre for Policy Alternatives, Colombo" xml:lang="en">Thavaraja, Joseph
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Indicator-Centre for Policy Alternatives, Colombo" xml:lang="de">Thavaraja, Joseph
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Lembaga Survei Indonesia (LSI), Jakarta, Indonesia" xml:lang="en">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Lembaga Survei Indonesia (LSI), Jakarta, Indonesia" xml:lang="de">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi, Kenya" xml:lang="en">Mitullah, Winnie
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi, Kenya" xml:lang="de">Mitullah, Winnie
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Scientists’ Association, Colombo, Sri Lanka" xml:lang="en">Peiris, Pradeep
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Scientists’ Association, Colombo, Sri Lanka" xml:lang="de">Peiris, Pradeep
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    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Religion and values</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="de" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Religion und Werte</topcClas>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a continuous programme of cross-national collaboration running annual surveys on topics important for the social sciences. The programme started in 1984 with four founding members - Australia, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States – and has now grown to almost 50 member countries from all over the world. As the surveys are designed for replication, they can be used for both, cross-national and cross-time comparisons. Each ISSP module focuses on a specific topic, which is repeated in regular time intervals. Please, consult the documentation for details on how the national ISSP surveys are fielded. The present study focuses on questions about religion and religious identity.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">Assessment of personal happiness; responsibility of government for providing jobs and reduction of the difference between rich and poor; attitudes towards sexual relations before marriage; attitudes towards sexual relations with someone other than spouse; attitudes towards homosexual relationships between adults; attitudes towards abortion in case of serious disability or illness of the baby or low income of the family; attitudes towards gender roles in marriage (husband earns money, wife’s job is family, family life suffers if women works fulltime); attitude towards tax fraud and incorrect information to get benefits from government; trust in institutions (parliament, business and industry, churches and religious organizations, courts and legal system, schools and educational system); attitudes towards the influence of religious leaders on vote and government; judgement on the power of churches and religious organizations; doubt or firm belief in God (deism, scale); belief in a life after death, in heaven, in hell, in religious miracles, in reincarnation, in Nirvana, and in supernatural powers of deceased ancestors; attitudes towards the Bible (or appropriate holy book); attitudes towards a higher truth and towards meaning of life (scale: God concerns himself with every human being personally, people can do little to change the course of their lives (fatalism), life is meaningful because God exists, life does not serve any purpose, life is only meaningful if someone provides the meaning himself); own way of connecting with God; we each make our own fate; turning point in life respondent made new commitment to religion; religion of mother, of father and of husband/ wife/ spouse; religion respondent was raised in; frequency of church attendance (of attendance in religious services) of father and mother when the respondent was a child; personal frequency of church attendance of respondent at the age of 11-12 years; frequency of prayers and participation in church activities; self-assessment as religious; self-assessment as a follower of a religion and/ or as a spiritual person; belief in lucky charms, fortune tellers, faith healers and horoscopes; respondent had a “born again” experience; picture of God (mother - father, master - spouse, judge - lover, friend - king); world image: much evil vs. much good, man is good vs. corrupt; trust in people or can’t be too careful; attitudes towards the benefits of science and religion (scale: modern science does more harm than good, too much trust in science than faith, religions bring more conflicts than peace, intolerance of people with very strong religious beliefs); attitude towards truth in religion (very little truth in any religion, basic truths in many religions or truth only in one religion); law conflicts with religious principles; accept person from different religion: Marrying a relative; attitude towards public meetings and publications on the internet or social media/books by religious extremists; shrine/ altar in respondent’s home; visit of holy place; religion helps people to make friends and to gain comfort; personal attitude towards Christians, Muslims, Hindu, Buddhist, Jews, Atheists or non-believers.  Demography: sex; age; marital status; steady life partner; education: years of schooling; highest education level; current employment status (respondent and partner); hours worked weekly; occupation (ISCO 1988) (respondent and partner); supervising function at work; trade union membership; household size; child in household; party affiliation (left-right); participation in last election; attendance of religious services; religious main groups (derived); Top Bottom self-placement; subjective social class; place of living urban – rural; household income groups (derived).  Additionally coded: ID number of respondent; unique cumulation respondent ID number; ISSP Module year; country; country sample; country sample year; weighting factor; administrative mode of data collection.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="de">Das International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) ist ein länderübergreifendes, fortlaufendes Umfrageprogramm, das jährlich Erhebungen zu Themen durchführt, die für die Sozialwissenschaften wichtig sind. Das Programm begann 1984 mit vier Gründungsmitgliedern - Australien, Deutschland, Großbritannien und den Vereinigten Staaten - und ist inzwischen auf fast 50 Mitgliedsländer aus aller Welt angewachsen. Da die Umfragen auf Replikationen ausgelegt sind, können die Daten sowohl für länder- als auch für zeitübergreifende Vergleiche genutzt werden. Jedes ISSP-Modul konzentriert sich auf ein bestimmtes Thema, das in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen wiederholt wird. Details zur Durchführung der nationalen ISSP-Umfragen entnehmen Sie bitte der Dokumentation. Die vorliegende Studie konzentriert sich auf Fragen zu Religion und religiöser Identität.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="de">Bewertung des persönlichen Glücks; Verantwortung der Regierung für die Bereitstellung von Arbeitsplätzen und die Verringerung des Unterschieds zwischen Arm und Reich; Einstellung zu sexuellen Beziehungen vor der Ehe; Einstellung zu sexuellen Beziehungen mit einer anderen Person als dem Ehepartner; Einstellung zu homosexuellen Beziehungen zwischen Erwachsenen; Einstellung zur Abtreibung im Falle einer schweren Behinderung oder Krankheit des Babys oder eines geringen Einkommens der Familie; Einstellung zu den Geschlechterrollen in der Ehe (der Ehemann verdient Geld, die Aufgabe der Frau ist die Familie, das Familienleben leidet, wenn die Frau Vollzeit arbeitet); Einstellung zu Steuerbetrug und falschen Angaben, um Leistungen der Regierung zu erhalten; Institutionenvertrauen (Parlament, Wirtschaft und Industrie, Kirchen und religiöse Organisationen, Gerichte und Rechtssystem, Schulen und Bildungssystem); Einstellung zum Einfluss religiöser Führer auf Wahlen und Regierung; Beurteilung der Macht von Kirchen und religiösen Organisationen; Zweifel oder fester Glaube an Gott (Deismus, Skala); Glaube an ein Leben nach dem Tod, an Himmel und Hölle, an religiöse Wunder, an Reinkarnation, an Nirwana und an übernatürliche Kräfte verstorbener Vorfahren; Einstellung zur Bibel (oder einem entsprechenden heiligen Buch); Einstellungen zu einer höheren Wahrheit und zum Sinn des Lebens (Skala: Gott kümmert sich um jeden Menschen persönlich, nur wenig persönlicher Einfluss auf das Leben möglich (Fatalismus), Leben hat nur einen Sinn aufgrund der Existenz Gottes, Leben dient keinem Zweck, eigenes Tun verleiht dem Leben Sinn); eigene Art, mit Gott in Verbindung zu treten; jeder gestaltet sein Schicksal selbst; Bekehrung zum Glauben nach einem Schlüsselerlebnis; Religion der Mutter, des Vaters und des Ehemanns/ der Ehefrau/ des Ehepartners; Religion, in der der Befragte erzogen wurde; Häufigkeit des Kirchenbesuchs (der Teilnahme an Gottesdiensten) von Vater und Mutter, als der Befragte ein Kind war; persönliche Häufigkeit des Kirchenbesuchs des Befragten im Alter von 11-12 Jahren; Häufigkeit von Gebeten und Teilnahme an kirchlichen Aktivitäten; Selbsteinschätzung als religiös; Selbsteinschätzung als Anhänger einer Religion und /oder als spirituelle Person; Glaube an Glücksbringer, Wahrsager, Wunderheiler und Horoskope; Wiedergeburtserfahrung des Befragten; Gottesbild (Mutter - Vater, Herr - Ehepartner, Richter - Liebhaber, Freund - König); Weltbild: viel Böses vs. viel Gutes, der Mensch ist gut vs. korrupt; Vertrauen in Menschen oder man kann nicht vorsichtig genug sein; Einstellungen zum Nutzen von Wissenschaft und Religion (Skala: moderne Wissenschaft schadet mehr als sie nützt, zu viel Vertrauen in die Wissenschaft statt in den Glauben, Religionen bringen mehr Konflikte als Frieden, Intoleranz gegenüber Menschen mit sehr starken religiösen Überzeugungen); Einstellung zur Wahrheit in der Religion (sehr wenig Wahrheit in irgendeiner Religion, grundlegende Wahrheiten in vielen Religionen oder Wahrheit nur in einer Religion); Gesetze stehen im Widerspruch zu religiösen Grundsätzen; Akzeptanz von Menschen anderer Religion: Heirat eines Verwandten; Einstellung zu öffentlichen Versammlungen und Veröffentlichungen im Internet oder in sozialen Medien/ Büchern durch religiöse Extremisten; Schrein/Altar im Haus des Befragten; Besuch eines heiligen Ortes; Religion hilft Menschen, Freundschaften zu schließen und Trost zu finden; persönliche Einstellung gegenüber Christen, Muslimen, Hindus, Buddhisten, Juden, Atheisten oder Nichtgläubigen.  Demografie: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; fester Lebenspartner; Bildung: Jahre der Schulbildung; höchster Bildungsabschluss; derzeitiger Beschäftigungsstatus (Befragter und Partner); wöchentliche Arbeitsstunden; Beruf (ISCO 1988) (Befragter und Partner); Vorgesetztenfunktion; Gewerkschaftsmitgliedschaft; Haushaltsgröße; Kind im Haushalt; Parteipräferenz (links-rechts); Teilnahme an der letzten Wahl; Besuch von Gottesdiensten; religiöse Hauptgruppen (abgeleitet); Selbsteinordnung auf einer Oben-Unten-Skala; subjektive soziale Schicht; Wohnort städtisch - ländlich; Haushaltseinkommensgruppen (abgeleitet).  Zusätzlich verkodet: ID-Nummer des Befragten; eindeutige Kumulierungs-ID-Nummer des Befragten; ISSP-Moduljahr; Land; Länderstichprobe; Länderstichprobenjahr; Gewichtungsfaktor; administrative Art der Datenerhebung.</abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <collDate xml:lang="en" date="1990-04" event="start"/><collDate xml:lang="en" date="2019-12-18" event="end"/>
        <nation xml:lang="en" abbr="AU">Australia</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="AU">Australien</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="AT">Austria</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="AT">Österreich</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="BG">Bulgaria</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="BG">Bulgarien</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="CL">Chile</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="CL">Chile</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="CY">Cyprus</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="CY">Zypern</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="CZ">Czech Republic</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="CZ">Tschechische Republik</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="DK">Denmark</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="DK">Dänemark</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="FR">France</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="FR">Frankreich</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="DE">Germany</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="DE">Deutschland</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="GB">United Kingdom</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="GB">Vereinigtes Königreich</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="IE">Ireland</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="IE">Irland</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="IL">Israel</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="IL">Israel</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="IT">Italy</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="IT">Italien</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="JP">Japan</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="JP">Japan</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="LV">Latvia</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="LV">Lettland</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="NL">Netherlands</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="NL">Niederlande</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="NZ">New Zealand</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="NZ">Neuseeland</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="PH">Philippines</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="PH">Philippinen</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="PT">Portugal</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="PT">Portugal</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="RU">Russian Federation</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="RU">Russische Föderation</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="SK">Slovakia</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="SK">Slowakei</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="SI">Slovenia</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="SI">Slowenien</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="ES">Spain</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="ES">Spanien</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="SE">Sweden</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="SE">Schweden</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="CH">Switzerland</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="CH">Schweiz</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="HU">Hungary</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="HU">Ungarn</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="US">United States of America</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="US">Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="PL">Poland</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="PL">Polen</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="NO">Norway</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="NO">Norwegen</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="ID">Indonesia</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="ID">Indonesien</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="KE">Kenya</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="KE">Kenia</nation><nation xml:lang="en" abbr="LK">Sri Lanka</nation><nation xml:lang="de" abbr="LK">Sri Lanka</nation>
      </sumDscr>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <timeMeth xml:lang="en">Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section<concept vocab="Time Method" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TimeMethod/1.2?languageVersion=en-1.2">Longitudinal.TrendRepeatedCrossSection</concept></timeMeth><timeMeth xml:lang="de">Längsschnitt: Trend/Wiederholter Querschnitt<concept vocab="Time Method" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TimeMethod/1.2?languageVersion=de-1.2.1">Longitudinal.TrendRepeatedCrossSection</concept></timeMeth>
        <sampProc xml:lang="en">Probability<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=en-1.1">Probability</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="de">Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=de-1.1.1">Probability</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="en">Probability: Simple random<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=en-1.1">Probability.SimpleRandom</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="de">Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl: Einfache Zufallsauswahl<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=de-1.1.1">Probability.SimpleRandom</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="en">Probability: Systematic random<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=en-1.1">Probability.SystematicRandom</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="de">Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl: Systematische Zufallsauswahl<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=de-1.1.1">Probability.SystematicRandom</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="en">Probability: Stratified<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=en-1.1">Probability.Stratified</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="de">Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl: Geschichtete Zufallsauswahl<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=de-1.1.1">Probability.Stratified</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="en">Probability: Multistage<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=en-1.1">Probability.Multistage</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="de">Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl: Mehrstufige Zufallsauswahl<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=de-1.1.1">Probability.Multistage</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="en">Non-probability: Quota<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=en-1.1">Nonprobability.Quota</concept></sampProc><sampProc xml:lang="de">Nicht-Wahrscheinlichkeitsauswahl: Quotenstichprobe<concept vocab="Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/SamplingProcedure/1.1?languageVersion=de-1.1.1">Nonprobability.Quota</concept></sampProc>
        <collMode xml:lang="en">Face-to-face interview<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Interview.FaceToFace</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Persönliches Interview<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Interview.FaceToFace</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Face-to-face interview: Computer-assisted (CAPI/CAMI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Interview.FaceToFace.CAPIorCAMI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Persönliches Interview : Computerunterstützte Befragung (CAPI/CAMI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Interview.FaceToFace.CAPIorCAMI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Face-to-face interview: Paper-and-pencil (PAPI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Interview.FaceToFace.PAPI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Persönliches Interview : Papier-und-Bleistift (PAPI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Interview.FaceToFace.PAPI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Self-administered questionnaire: Paper<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.Paper</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Selbstausgefüllter Fragebogen: Papier<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.Paper</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.CAWI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Selbstausgefüllter Fragebogen: Webbasiert (CAWI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.CAWI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Self-administered questionnaire: Computer-assisted (CASI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.CASI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Selbstausgefüllter Fragebogen: Computerunterstützt (CASI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.CASI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Telephone interview<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Interview.Telephone</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Telefonisches Interview<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Interview.Telephone</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="en">Telephone interview: Computer-assisted (CATI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Interview.Telephone.CATI</concept></collMode><collMode xml:lang="de">Telefonisches Interview: Computerunterstützte Befragung (CATI)<concept vocab="Mode Of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/ModeOfCollection/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Interview.Telephone.CATI</concept></collMode>
      </dataColl>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <useStmt>
        <restrctn xml:lang="en">A - Data and documents are released for academic research and teaching.</restrctn><restrctn xml:lang="de">A - Daten und Dokumente sind für die akademische Forschung und Lehre freigegeben.</restrctn>
      </useStmt>
    </dataAccs>
    <othrStdyMat>
    </othrStdyMat>
  </stdyDscr>
  <fileDscr>
  </fileDscr>
</codeBook>
      </metadata>
      <about>
        <provenance xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/provenance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/provenance http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/provenance.xsd">
    <originDescription harvestDate="2025-10-01T03:00:41Z" altered="true">
      <baseURL>http://dbkapps.gesis.org/dbkoai/oai.asp</baseURL>
      <identifier>oai:dbk.gesis.org:DBK/ZA8792</identifier>
      <datestamp>2025-02-12</datestamp>
      <metadataNamespace>ddi:codebook:2_5</metadataNamespace>
    </originDescription>
</provenance>
      </about>
    </record>
  </GetRecord>
</OAI-PMH>