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          <titl xml:lang="en">DDI study level documentation for study ZA4950 International Social Survey Programme: Religion III - ISSP 2008</titl>
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        <titl xml:lang="en">International Social Survey Programme: Religion III - ISSP 2008</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="de">International Social Survey Programme: Religion III - ISSP 2008</parTitl>
        <IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="GESIS">ZA4950, Version 2.3.0</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="de" agency="GESIS">ZA4950, Version 2.3.0</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="DOI">10.4232/1.13161</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="de" agency="DOI">10.4232/1.13161</IDNo>
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Höllinger, Franz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Höllinger, Franz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Haller, Max
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Universität Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Haller, Max
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="en">Evans, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia" xml:lang="de">Evans, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Vlaamse Overheid, Studiedienst van de Vlaamse Regering (Research Centre of the Flemish Government) (SVR), Belgium (Flanders)" xml:lang="en">Carton, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Vlaamse Overheid, Studiedienst van de Vlaamse Regering (Research Centre of the Flemish Government) (SVR), Belgium (Flanders)" xml:lang="de">Carton, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="en">Segovia, Carolina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Estudios Públicos (CEP), Santiago, Chile" xml:lang="de">Segovia, Carolina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Applied Research, Cyprus College, Nicosia, Cyprus" xml:lang="en">Papageorgiou, Bambos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Applied Research, Cyprus College, Nicosia, Cyprus" xml:lang="de">Papageorgiou, Bambos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="en">Hamplová, Dana
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="de">Hamplová, Dana
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University,  Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University,  Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University,  Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Andersen, Jørgen G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Politics and Public Administration, Aalborg University,  Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Andersen, Jørgen G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Harrits, Gitte S.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Harrits, Gitte S.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Fridberg, Torben
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Fridberg, Torben
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Jæger, Mads
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="The Danish National Institute of Social Research, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Jæger, Mads
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy, Education and Study of Religions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Lüchau, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy, Education and Study of Religions, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Lüchau, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Gundelach, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Gundelach, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Kjær, Ulrik
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Kjær, Ulrik
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Fundación Global Democracia y Desarrollo (FUNGLODE), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic" xml:lang="en">Dore, Carlos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Fundación Global Democracia y Desarrollo (FUNGLODE), Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic" xml:lang="de">Dore, Carlos
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="en">Blom, Raimo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="de">Blom, Raimo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS, Germany" xml:lang="en">Mohler, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS, Germany" xml:lang="de">Mohler, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="en">Lemel, Yannick
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="de">Lemel, Yannick
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="en">Forsé, Michel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="FRANCE-ISSP (Centre de Recherche en Economie et Statistique, Laboratoire de Sociologie Quantitative), Malakoff, France" xml:lang="de">Forsé, Michel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="en">Melin, Harri
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Finnish Social Science Data Archive, University of Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="de">Melin, Harri
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Park, Alison
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Park, Alison
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="en">Robert, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="de">Robert, Peter
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="B.I. and Lucille Cohen, Institute for public opinion research, Tel Aviv, Israel" xml:lang="en">Lewin-Epstein, Noah
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="B.I. and Lucille Cohen, Institute for public opinion research, Tel Aviv, Israel" xml:lang="de">Lewin-Epstein, Noah
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="en">Meraviglia, Cinzia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="de">Meraviglia, Cinzia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="en">Accornero, Laura
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Research, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy" xml:lang="de">Accornero, Laura
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Centre, University College Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="en">Ghiolla, Máire N.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Centre, University College Dublin, Ireland" xml:lang="de">Ghiolla, Máire N.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Hara, Miwako
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Hara, Miwako
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Nishi, Kumiko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Nishi, Kumiko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Aramaki, Hiroshi
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Aramaki, Hiroshi
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="en">Tabuns, Aivars
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="de">Tabuns, Aivars
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="en">Koroleva, Ilze
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Philosophy and Sociology, University of Latvia, Latvia" xml:lang="de">Koroleva, Ilze
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Morones, César
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Morones, César
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Silva, Yasodhara
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Silva, Yasodhara
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Godinez, Alberto
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Godinez, Alberto
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Palacios, Felipe
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Palacios, Felipe
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Ceballos, Vanessa
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Ceballos, Vanessa
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research Methodology, Free University Amsterdam, Netherlands" xml:lang="en">Ganzeboom, Harry B.G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research Methodology, Free University Amsterdam, Netherlands" xml:lang="de">Ganzeboom, Harry B.G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Communication, Journalism and Marketing, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand" xml:lang="en">Gendall, Philip
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Communication, Journalism and Marketing, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand" xml:lang="de">Gendall, Philip
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ARK, School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, Queen`s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland" xml:lang="en">Devine, Paula
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="ARK, School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Work, Queen`s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland" xml:lang="de">Devine, Paula
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway" xml:lang="en">Lundby, Knut
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Media and Communication, University of Oslo, Norway" xml:lang="de">Lundby, Knut
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Agder, Norway" xml:lang="en">Repstad, Pål
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="University of Agder, Norway" xml:lang="de">Repstad, Pål
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Agder Research, Norway" xml:lang="en">Magnussen, May-Linda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Agder Research, Norway" xml:lang="de">Magnussen, May-Linda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="en">Schmidt, Ulla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="de">Schmidt, Ulla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="en">Aagedal, Olaf
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="de">Aagedal, Olaf
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="en">Botvar, Pål K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stiftelsen Kirkeforskning (KIFO), Norway" xml:lang="de">Botvar, Pål K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services, Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="en">Skjåk, Knut K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Norwegian Social Science Data Services, Bergen, Norway" xml:lang="de">Skjåk, Knut K.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="en">Vala, Jorge
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="de">Vala, Jorge
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="en">Ramos, Alice
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Ciências Sociais da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal" xml:lang="de">Ramos, Alice
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Social Studies, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland" xml:lang="en">Cichomski, Bogdan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Social Studies, Warsaw University, Warsaw, Poland" xml:lang="de">Cichomski, Bogdan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="en">Khakhulina, Ludmilla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="de">Khakhulina, Ludmilla
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Institute for Sociology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Institute for Sociology of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Hafner-Fink, Mitja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Hafner-Fink, Mitja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Malnar, Brina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Malnar, Brina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Toš, Niko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Toš, Niko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="en">Struwig, Jare
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="de">Struwig, Jare
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea" xml:lang="en">Kim, Sang-Wook
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea" xml:lang="de">Kim, Sang-Wook
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">Méndez, Mónica
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">Méndez, Mónica
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">García-Pardo, Natalia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Center of Sociological Research (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">García-Pardo, Natalia
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="en">Edlund, Jonas
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="de">Edlund, Jonas
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="en">Svallfors, Stefan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="de">Svallfors, Stefan
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan" xml:lang="en">Chang, Ying-hwa
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan" xml:lang="de">Chang, Ying-hwa
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Istanbul Policy Center-Sabancı University, Istanbul, Turkey" xml:lang="en">Kalaycıoğlu, Ersin
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Istanbul Policy Center-Sabancı University, Istanbul, Turkey" xml:lang="de">Kalaycıoğlu, Ersin
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Structures, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Kyiv, Ukraine" xml:lang="en">Ivaschenko, Olga
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Social Structures, Institute of Sociology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Kyiv, Ukraine" xml:lang="de">Ivaschenko, Olga
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="en">Ferre, Zuleika
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="de">Ferre, Zuleika
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="en">Piani, Giorgina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="de">Piani, Giorgina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="en">Rossi, Máximo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="de">Rossi, Máximo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="en">Goyeneche, Juan J.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="de">Goyeneche, Juan J.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="en">Zoppolo, Guillermo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay" xml:lang="de">Zoppolo, Guillermo
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Davis, James A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Davis, James A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Marsden, Peter V.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Marsden, Peter V.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="LASCO, Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela" xml:lang="en">Briceño León, Roberto
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="LASCO, Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela" xml:lang="de">Briceño León, Roberto
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="LASCO, Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela" xml:lang="en">Ávila, Olga
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="LASCO, Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela" xml:lang="de">Ávila, Olga
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="LASCO, Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela" xml:lang="en">Camardiel, Alberto
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="LASCO, Laboratorio de Ciencias Sociales, Caracas, Venezuela" xml:lang="de">Camardiel, Alberto
        </AuthEnty>
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        <distrbtr abbr="GESIS" URI="http://www.gesis.org/" xml:lang="en">GESIS Data Archive for the Social Sciences</distrbtr><distrbtr abbr="GESIS" URI="http://www.gesis.org/" xml:lang="de">GESIS Datenarchiv für Sozialwissenschaften</distrbtr>
        <distDate xml:lang="en" date="2018-10-26"/><distDate xml:lang="de" date="2018-10-26"/>
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      <subject>
        <topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Religion and values</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="de" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Religion und Werte</topcClas>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a continuous programme of cross-national collaboration running annual surveys on topics important for the social sciences. The programme started in 1984 with four founding members - Australia, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States – and has now grown to almost 50 member countries from all over the world. As the surveys are designed for replication, they can be used for both, cross-national and cross-time comparisons. Each ISSP module focuses on a specific topic, which is repeated in regular time intervals. Please, consult the documentation for details on how the national ISSP surveys are fielded. The present study focuses on questions about religion and religious identity.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">Assessment of personal happiness; attitudes towards pre-marital sexual intercourse; attitudes towards committed adultery; attitudes towards homosexual relationships between adults; attitudes towards abortion in case of serious disability or illness of the baby or low income of the family; attitudes towards gender roles in marriage; people can be trusted vs. can´t be too careful in dealing with people; trust in institutions (parliament, business and industry, churches and religious organizations, courts and the legal system, schools and the educational system); mobility; attitudes towards the influence of religious leaders on voters and government; attitudes towards the benefits of science and religion (scale: modern science does more harm than good, too much trust in science and not enough in religious faith, religions bring more conflicts than peace, intolerance of people with very strong religious beliefs); judgement on the power of churches and religious organizations; attitudes towards equal rights for all religious groups in the country and respect for all religions; acceptance of persons from a different religion or with different religious views in case of marrying a relative or being a candidate of the preferred political party (social distance); attitudes towards the allowance for religious extremists to hold public meetings and to publish books expressing their views (freedom of expression); doubt or firm belief in God (deism, scale); belief in: a life after death, heaven, hell, religious miracles, reincarnation, Nirvana, supernatural powers of deceased ancestors; attitudes towards a higher truth and towards meaning of life (scale: God is concerned with every human being personally, little that people can do to change the course of their lives (fatalism), life is meaningful only because God exists, life does not serve any purpose, life is only meaningful if someone provides the meaning himself, connection with God without churches or religious services); religious preference (affiliation) of mother, father and spouse/partner; religion respondent was raised in; frequency of church attendance (of attendance in religious services) of father and mother; personal frequency of church attendance when young; frequency of prayers and participation in religious activities; shrine, altar or a religious object in respondent’s home; frequency of visiting a holy place (shrine, temple, church or mosque) for religious reasons except regular religious services; self-classification of personal religiousness and spirituality; truth in one or in all religions; attitudes towards the profits of practicing a religion (scale: finding inner peace and happiness, making friends, gaining comfort in times of trouble and sorrow, meeting the right kind of people).  Optional items (not stated in all countries): ´born-again´ Christian; attitudes towards the Bible (or appropriate holy book); questions generally applicable for all countries: conversion of faith after crucial experience; personal sacrifice as an expression of faith such as fasting or following a special diet during holy season such as Lent or Ramadan; concept of God (semantic differential scale: mother - father, master - spouse, judge - lover, friend - king); belief in lucky charms, fortune tellers, faith healers and horoscopes; decision criteria for personal actions (laws or religious principles); attitudes towards members of different religious groups (Christians, Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists, Jews, Atheists or non-believers).  Demography: sex; age; marital status; steady life partner; years of schooling; highest education level; country specific education and degree; current employment status (respondent and partner); hours worked weekly; occupation (ISCO 1988) (respondent and partner); supervising function at work; working for private or public sector or self-employed (respondent and partner); if self-employed: number of employees; trade union membership; earnings of respondent (country specific); family income (country specific); size of household; household composition; party affiliation (left-right); country specific party affiliation; participation in last election; religious denomination; religious main groups; attendance of religious services; self-placement on a top-bottom scale; region (country specific); size of community (country specific); type of community: urban-rural area; country of origin or ethnic group affiliation.  Additionally coded: administrative mode of data-collection; weighting factor; case substitution.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="de">Das International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) ist ein länderübergreifendes, fortlaufendes Umfrageprogramm, das jährlich Erhebungen zu Themen durchführt, die für die Sozialwissenschaften wichtig sind. Das Programm begann 1984 mit vier Gründungsmitgliedern - Australien, Deutschland, Großbritannien und den Vereinigten Staaten - und ist inzwischen auf fast 50 Mitgliedsländer aus aller Welt angewachsen. Da die Umfragen auf Replikationen ausgelegt sind, können die Daten sowohl für länder- als auch für zeitübergreifende Vergleiche genutzt werden. Jedes ISSP-Modul konzentriert sich auf ein bestimmtes Thema, das in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen wiederholt wird. Details zur Durchführung der nationalen ISSP-Umfragen entnehmen Sie bitte der Dokumentation. Die vorliegende Studie konzentriert sich auf Fragen zu Religion und religiöser Identität.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="de">Einschätzung des persönlichen Glücksgefühls; Einstellung zu vorehelichem Geschlechtsverkehr und zu außerehelichem Geschlechtsverkehr (Ehebruch); Einstellung zu homosexuellen Beziehungen zwischen Erwachsenen; Einstellung zu Abtreibung im Falle von Behinderung oder Krankheit des Babys und im Falle geringen Einkommens der Familie; Rollenverständnis in der Ehe; Personenvertrauen vs. Vorsicht im Umgang mit Menschen; Institutionenvertrauen (Parlament, Unternehmen und Industrie, Kirche und religiöse Organisationen, Gerichte und Rechtssystem, Schulen und Bildungssystem); eigene Mobilität; Einstellung zum Einfluss von religiösen Führern auf Wähler und Regierung; Einstellung zu Wissenschaft und Religion (Skala: moderne Wissenschaft bringt mehr Schaden als Nutzen, zu viel Vertrauen in die Wissenschaft und zu wenig religiöses Vertrauen, Religionen bringen mehr Konflikte als Frieden, Intoleranz von Menschen mit starken religiösen Überzeugungen); Beurteilung der Macht von Kirchen und religiösen Organisationen im Lande; Einstellung zur Gleichberechtigung aller religiösen Gruppen im Land und Respekt für alle Religionen; Akzeptanz einer Person anderen Glaubens oder mit unterschiedlichen religiösen Ansichten als Ehepartner im Verwandtschaftskreis sowie als Kandidat der präferierten Partei (soziale Distanz); Einstellung zur öffentlichen Redefreiheit bzw. zum Publikationsrecht für religiöse Extremisten; Zweifel oder fester Glaube an Gott (Skala Deismus); Glaube an: ein Leben nach dem Tod, Himmel, Hölle, Wunder, Reinkarnation, Nirwana, übernatürliche Kräfte verstorbener Vorfahren; Einstellung zu einer höheren Wahrheit und zum Sinn des Lebens (Gott kümmert sich um jeden Menschen persönlich, nur wenig persönlicher Einfluss auf das Leben möglich (Fatalismus), Leben hat nur einen Sinn aufgrund der Existenz Gottes, Leben dient keinem Zweck, eigenes Tun verleiht dem Leben Sinn, persönliche Verbindung mit Gott ohne Kirche oder Gottesdienste); Religion der Mutter, des Vaters und des Ehepartners bzw. Partners; Religion, mit der der Befragte aufgewachsen ist; Kirchgangshäufigkeit des Vaters und der Mutter; persönliche Kirchgangshäufigkeit in der Jugend; Häufigkeit des Betens und der Teilnahme an religiösen Aktivitäten; Schrein, Altar oder religiöses Objekt (z.B. Kreuz) im Haushalt des Befragten; Häufigkeit des Besuchs eines heiligen Ortes (Schrein, Tempel, Kirche oder Moschee) aus religiösen Gründen; Selbsteinschätzung der Religiosität und Spiritualität; Wahrheit in einer oder in allen Religionen; Vorteilhaftigkeit der Ausübung einer Religion (Skala: inneren Frieden und Glück finden, Freundschaften schließen, Unterstützung in schwierigen Zeiten, Gleichgesinnte treffen).  Optionale Items (nicht in allen Ländern ausgeführt): wiedergeborene Christen; Einstellung zur Bibel; Fragen, die grundsätzlich für alle Länder anwendbar sind: Bekehrung zum Glauben nach einem Schlüsselerlebnis; persönliche Opfer als Ausdruck des Glaubens wie Fasten oder Einhalten einer speziellen Diät während heiliger Zeiten wie z.B. Ramadan; Konzept von Gott (semantisches Differential: Mutter/Vater, Herr und Meister/Ehepartner, Richter/Liebender, Freund/König); Glaube an Glücksbringer, Wahrsager, Gesundbeter und Horoskope; Entscheidungskriterien für persönliches Handeln (Gesetzte oder religiöse Prinzipien); Einstellung gegenüber verschiedenen religiösen Gruppen (Christen, Muslime, Hindus, Buddhisten, Juden, Atheisten oder Nicht-Gläubige).  Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Zusammenleben mit einem Partner; Jahre der Schulbildung, höchster Bildungsabschluss; länderspezifischer Bildungsgrad; derzeitiger Beschäftigungsstatus des Befragten und seines Partners; Wochenarbeitszeit; Beruf (ISCO-88) des Befragten und seines Partners; Vorgesetztenfunktion; Beschäftigung im privaten oder öffentlichen Dienst oder Selbständigkeit des Befragten und seines Partners; Selbständige wurden gefragt: Anzahl der Beschäftigten; Gewerkschaftsmitgliedschaft; Einkommensquellen des Befragten (länderspezifisch), Haushaltseinkommen (länderspezifisch); Haushaltsgröße; Haushaltszusammensetzung; Parteipräferenz (links-rechts), länderspezifische Parteipräferenz; Wahlbeteiligung bei der letzten Wahl; Konfession; Kirchgangshäufigkeit; Selbsteinstufung auf einer Oben-Unten-Skala; Region und Ortsgröße (länderspezifisch), Urbanisierungsgrad; Geburtsland und ethnische Herkunft.  Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Datenerhebungsart; Gewichtungsfaktoren; case substitution.</abstract>
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