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          <titl xml:lang="en">DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 9040</titl>
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        <titl xml:lang="en">International Passenger Survey, 2021</titl>
        <IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="UKDA">9040</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="DOI">10.5255/UKDA-SN-9040-1</IDNo>
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        <copyright xml:lang="en">&lt;a href="https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/information-management/re-using-public-sector-information/uk-government-licensing-framework/crown-copyright/" target="_blank"&gt;© Crown copyright&lt;/a&gt;. The use of these data is subject to the &lt;a href="https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/app/uploads/cd137-enduserlicence.pdf" target="_blank"&gt;UK Data Service End User Licence Agreement&lt;/a&gt;. Additional restrictions may also apply.</copyright>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">&lt;P&gt;Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.&lt;/P&gt;The &lt;i&gt;International Passenger Survey&lt;/i&gt; (IPS) aims to collect data on both credits and debits for the travel account of the Balance of Payments, provide detailed visit information on overseas visitors to the United Kingdom (UK) for tourism policy, and collect data on international migration.&lt;br&gt;</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">&lt;p&gt;IPS 2021:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ONS has provided the following information:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;"The estimates provided for 2021 should be treated with caution as the numbers are much smaller than pre-coronavirus pandemic years, especially the first six months of the year, resulting in some cases with larger confidence intervals.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The data exclude Eurotunnel completely for 2021 and the Dover ferries until August 2021 as we were unable to interview at these sites."&lt;/p&gt;</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">&lt;B&gt;Main Topics&lt;/B&gt;:&lt;BR&gt;</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">&lt;p&gt;Each of the four subject areas of this study covers different topics, as it follows:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;'Airmiles': quarter; flow; serial; UK port or route; direct leg overseas port; final overseas port; distance from UK port to first port; from first to second port; from UK port to second port&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;'Alcohol': year; quarter; month; flow; serial; money spent on spirits; wine; beer; champagne; cigarettes; hand-rolled and other tobacco&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;'Qreg': year; quarter; month; flow; serial; towns stayed in overnight; details of type of accommodation; number of nights spent in towns; expenditure in towns; regional stay weight; regional visit weight; regional expenditure weight; various validation checks&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;'Qcontact': year; quarter; month; flow; serial; nationality; country of visit/residence; UK counties; date visit began; purpose of visit; intended length of stay; number of people; package tour and cost; expenditure pre-, post- and during visit; flight prefix and suffix; first carrier air or shipping line; direct leg overseas port; final overseas port; long- or short-haul; type of vehicle; number travelling in vehicle; fare type and cost; class of travel; business trip; type of flight; flight origin or destination; gender; age group; UK port or route; quality of response; date of interview; money transfer, net and total expenditure; type of transport; arrivals (number of adults); departures (type of travelling group, number of adults and children); weighting variables; various validation checks&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;</abstract>
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        <universe xml:lang="en" clusion="I">Visits to and from the United Kingdom</universe>
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        Avogadro, N. and Redondi, R. (2023) 'Diverted and induced demand: evidence from the London-Paris passenger market', Research in Transportation Economics, 100, 101304. doi: 10.1016/j.retrec.2023.101304
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        Avogadro, N., Pels, E. and Redondi, R. (2023) 'Policy impacts on the propensity to travel by HSR in the Amsterdam-London market', Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, 87, 101585. doi:10.1016/j.seps.2023.101585
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