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          <titl xml:lang="en">Places of Togetherness</titl>
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        <titl xml:lang="en">Places of Togetherness</titl>
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="School of Architecture, National Technical University of Athens" xml:lang="en">Katrini, Eleni
        </AuthEnty>
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        <prodDate xml:lang="en">2023-11-28</prodDate>
        <grantNo agency="European Commission" xml:lang="en">101018417</grantNo>
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        <distrbtr xml:lang="en">Κατάλογος Δεδομένων SoDaNet</distrbtr>
        <distDate xml:lang="en" date="2023-09-28">2023-09-28</distDate>
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      <holdings xml:lang="en" URI="https://doi.org/10.17903/FK2/T4W4MV"/>
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        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">ETHNOGRAPHY</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">INTERVIEWS (DATA COLLECTION)</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">EVERYDAY LIFE</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">SOCIAL INTEGRATION</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">URBAN SPACES</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">URBAN SOCIOLOGY</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="ELSST">PARTICIPATION</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en">MAPPING</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en">SPATIAL DOCUMENTATION</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en">PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en">SOCIAL COHESION</keyword><keyword xml:lang="en">URBAN COMMONS</keyword>
        <topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification">Land use and planning</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification">SOCIETY AND CULTURE</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification">Community, urban and rural life</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification">Social behaviour and attitudes</topcClas>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">Europe has never been homogenous and is increasingly becoming more culturally, ethnically, and religiously diverse over the last century. The diversification of European cities can be an opportunity for increased tolerance and bilateral exchange or might lead to conflict and fear. Understanding how our urban neighborhoods and their public spaces facilitate tolerance, rather than fear should be a critical research field within the built environment disciplines, bringing together knowledge from design, geography, and social sciences, all the while informing policy and local government priorities. Current literature supports that intergroup contact can lead to greater levels of tolerance, and spatial conditions can play a significant role in facilitating or inhibiting these interactions. Well-integrated urban spaces such as streets, squares, courtyards etc. within neighborhoods have the potential to enrich public life and in the long run reduce discrimination and fear.  The project &lt;em&gt;‘Places of togetherness’ (PLAofTOGETHER)&lt;/em&gt; uses ethnographic, transition design and participatory research methods to a. investigate the role urban space play in community cohesion and the social integration and b. to develop an innovative participatory tools that can be used to advance marginal urban spaces into places of togetherness by communities and local government.  For the project, fieldwork is realized in the city of Nikea, an area developed a century ago as an Asia Minor refugee settlement, and continues even today to be the place of residence for many newer immigrants. The research focuses on the unique, extended network of shared open spaces in the middle of its building blocks. In the area, there are 134 buidling blocks that have either a shared alley or courtyard at their centre. The collected data include a series of maps (shapefiles), the 3D documentation of the representative typologies of the refugee housing in the area, as well as selected building blocks and their shared open spaces, photographic documentation of the shared spaces, interviews with residents, an observations journal from the field, and photographic documentation of participatory events that took place in the area within the framework of the research project.</abstract>
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        <collDate xml:lang="en" date="2021-11-29" event="start">2021-11-29</collDate><collDate xml:lang="en" date="2023-11-28" event="end">2023-11-28</collDate>
        <nation xml:lang="en">Greece</nation>
        <geogCover xml:lang="en">Nikea</geogCover><geogCover xml:lang="en">Attica</geogCover><geogCover xml:lang="en">Referring mainly to the historic centre of Nikaia, including the neighborhoods of Aghios Nikolaos, Osia Xeni, Aghios Georgios, and Germanika</geogCover>
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        <universe xml:lang="en" clusion="I">There are three key elements that defined the selection criteria for the population: 
&lt;ol&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;they need to be residents of Nikea, &lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;more specifically they need to reside in a house adjacent to a shared open space (courtyard or alley) or have resided for a long time in their lifetime in such a house and still have family living there that they visit regularly,&lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;having  some experiences of using that open space in everyday life.
There were no distinctions made based on age, gender,  ethnicity, religion or duration of having lived in that specific area or house. &lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt; 
Subjects were approached by:
&lt;ol&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;visits on the field, meaning the shared open spaces and inviting them through conversation to participate&lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;an open call through social media (facebook and instagram pages), and &lt;/li&gt;
  &lt;li&gt;through snowball sampling methods, where through people who had already participated or other local networks, more people were proposed as potential participants to the research.
Based on the above tactics of recruitment, a significant part of the people who were invited to take part in the research, finally they did not.&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ol&gt;</universe>
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