2026-06-04T03:58:34Z https://datacatalogue.cessda.eu/oai-pmh/v0/oai

3cf1185f0c04513ab459dff18978f7afd0a2e7051dffa6458c5f7555e6b40017 2026-06-02T13:19:51Z language:enopenaire_data

Ecological Distribution Conflicts around coastal mining of Heavy Mineral Sands across the world Ecological Distribution Conflicts around coastal mining of Heavy Mineral Sands across the world 99f9a51c-e19b-403b-ab2f-6e9e4006f23210.48573/zsyt-tw94 Bisht, Arpita FORSFORSFORS 2023 SONSTIGESOTHERAUTREKonflikte, Sicherheit und FriedenConflict, security and peaceConflit, sécurité et paixUMWELT UND NATURNATURAL ENVIRONMENTENVIRONNEMENT NATUREL Coastal sand mining for metals involves extraction of heavy mineral sands (HMS), which are sedimentary deposits of dense minerals that accumulate in coastal environments. HMS are localized concentrations of ores such as ilmenite, rutile, leucoxene, and iron, which are sources of metals such as titanium, zircon, iron, sillimanite/kyanite, staurolite, monazite, and garnet. The applications of these metals range from everyday products such as ceramics, paint, and pigments, as well as technologically advanced applications in the airline, shipbuilding, medicine, and defense industries. HMS extraction implies strip mining of coastal areas, which are often unique biodiversity ecosystems, or fragile ecosystems built up on sandy soils or dunes. The loss of such spaces has impacts such as loss of biodiversity and habitats, salt-water intrusion into agricultural lands and increased exposure to sea level rise. As a result of the serious ecological and socioeconomic transformations at such extraction frontiers, these operations cause resistance movements across the world. This article identifies and documents 24 cases of resistance against such operations. It presents the first comprehensive database and analysis of HMS related ecological distribution conflicts. SüdostasienSouth-eastern AsiaAsie du Sud-EstAustralien und NeuseelandAustralia and New ZealandAustralie et Nouvelle-ZélandeAsienAsiaAsieSüdasienSouthern AsiaAsie méridionaleSubsahara-AfrikaSub-Saharan AfricaAfrique subsaharienneOzeanienOceaniaOcéanieAmerikasAmericasAmériquesAfrikaAfricaAfriqueLateinamerika und KaribikLatin America and the CaribbeanAmérique latine et Caraïbes Sondergenehmigung: KeineSpecial permission: NonePermission spéciale: Aucune swissubase_2370_1_0 EDC: Global Overview Data EDC: README http://www.swissubase.ch/oai-pmh/v1/oai oai:swissubase.ch:99f9a51c-e19b-403b-ab2f-6e9e4006f232 2026-03-24T12:04:32Z ddi:codebook:2_5