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DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 8682 Millennium Cohort Study: Age 17, Sweep 7, 2018 868210.5255/UKDA-SN-8682-2 University of London, Institute of Education, Centre for Longitudinal Studies Copyright Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute Department for Work and PensionsScottish GovernmentDepartment for TransportUnited States. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismEconomic and Social Research CouncilDepartment of HealthDepartment for Education and SkillsWelsh Assembly GovernmentNorthern Ireland Executive UK Data Service 30 September 2020 EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDMOTHERSRELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONYOUTHVAPINGSEXUAL IDENTITYPARENTAL ROLEUNIVERSITIESANTHROPOMETRIC DATAPARENT PARTICIPATIONMORAL VALUESEDUCATIONAL STATUSEMOTIONAL STATESQUALIFICATIONSWELSH (LANGUAGE)ILL HEALTHEDUCATIONAL CERTIFICATESDIETARY HABITSBIRTH CONTROL METHODSWELL-BEING (SOCIETY)LANGUAGESDEPRESSIONCOMMUTINGDRUG USEINFORMAL CARESELF-HARMEDUCATIONAL TESTSFATHERSWELL-BEING (HEALTH)ROOMSLANGUAGES USED AT HOMESEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASESSEXUAL BEHAVIOURADOLESCENCECONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENTCOGNITIVE PROCESSESMENSTRUATIONLEISURE TIMEETHNIC GROUPSWEIGHT (PHYSIOLOGY)WAGESACCIDENTSASPIRATIONCAREERS GUIDANCESEXUALITYHEIGHT (PHYSIOLOGY)WEIGHT CONTROLDIET AND EXERCISESUPERVISORY STATUSDRUG ABUSESMOKINGOFFENCESSIBLINGSJOB HUNTINGSTOPPING AND SEARCHINGECONOMIC ACTIVITYDISCRIMINATIONLEAVING HOME (YOUTH)RESIDENTIAL MOBILITYONE-PARENT FAMILIESLEISURE TIME ACTIVITIESFAMILIESHIGHER EDUCATIONEMPLOYMENT CONTRACTSCHILD OBESITYAPPRENTICESHIPTEENAGE PREGNANCYGRANDPARENTSYOUTH GANGSTRAVELLING TIMEBODY CIRCUMFERENCE MEASUREMENTSHOMELESSNESSGENDERSOCIAL INTERACTIONPARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIPHARASSMENT General health and well-beingHealth behaviourEducationSocial behaviour and attitudesLabour and employmentFamily life and marriageChildren Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.Background: The Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) is a large-scale, multi-purpose longitudinal dataset providing information about babies born at the beginning of the 21st century, their progress through life, and the families who are bringing them up, for the four countries of the United Kingdom. The original objectives of the first MCS survey, as laid down in the proposal to the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) in March 2000, were:<ul><li>to chart the initial conditions of social, economic and health advantages and disadvantages facing children born at the start of the 21st century, capturing information that the research community of the future will require</li><li>to provide a basis for comparing patterns of development with the preceding cohorts (the National Child Development Study, held at the UK Data Archive under GN 33004, and the 1970 Birth Cohort Study, held under GN 33229)</li><li>to collect information on previously neglected topics, such as fathers' involvement in children's care and development</li><li>to focus on parents as the most immediate elements of the children's 'background', charting their experience as mothers and fathers of newborn babies in the year 2000, recording how they (and any other children in the family) adapted to the newcomer, and what their aspirations for her/his future may be</li><li>to emphasise intergenerational links including those back to the parents' own childhood</li><li>to investigate the wider social ecology of the family, including social networks, civic engagement and community facilities and services, splicing in geo-coded data when available</li></ul>Additional objectives subsequently included for MCS were:<ul><li>to provide control cases for the national evaluation of Sure Start (a government programme intended to alleviate child poverty and social exclusion)</li><li>to provide samples of adequate size to analyse and compare the smaller countries of the United Kingdom, and include disadvantaged areas of England</li></ul>Further information about the MCS can be found on the <a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Centre for Longitudinal Studies</a> web pages.The content of MCS studies, including questions, topics and variables can be explored via the <a href="https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/item/uk.cls.mcs/0d8a7220-c61b-4542-967d-a40cb5aca430">CLOSER Discovery</a> website.  The first sweep (MCS1) interviewed both mothers and (where resident) fathers (or father-figures) of infants included in the sample when the babies were nine months old, and the second sweep (MCS2) was carried out with the same respondents when the children were three years of age. The third sweep (MCS3) was conducted in 2006, when the children were aged five years old, the fourth sweep (MCS4) in 2008, when they were seven years old, the fifth sweep (MCS5) in 2012-2013, when they were eleven years old, the sixth sweep (MCS6) in 2015, when they were fourteen years old, and the seventh sweep (MCS7) in 2018, when they were seventeen years old. End User Licence versions of MCS studies: The End User Licence (EUL) versions of MCS1, MCS2, MCS3, MCS4, MCS5, MCS6 and MCS7 are held under UK Data Archive SNs 4683, 5350, 5795, 6411, 7464, 8156 and 8682 respectively. The longitudinal family file is held under SN 8172. Sub-sample studies: Some studies based on sub-samples of MCS have also been conducted, including a study of MCS respondent mothers who had received assisted fertility treatment, conducted in 2003 (see EUL SN 5559). Also, birth registration and maternity hospital episodes for the MCS respondents are held as a separate dataset (see EUL SN 5614). <div style=""><div style="">Release of Sweeps 1 to 4 to Long Format (Summer 2020)</div><div style="">To support longitudinal research and make it easier to compare data from different time points, all data from across all sweeps is now in a consistent format. The update affects the data from sweeps 1 to 4 (from 9 months to 7 years), which are updated from the old/wide to a new/long format to match the format of data of sweeps 5 and 6 (age 11 and 14 sweeps). The old/wide formatted datasets contained one row per family with multiple variables for different respondents. The new/long formatted datasets contain one row per respondent (per parent or per cohort member) for each MCS family. Additional updates have been made to all sweeps to harmonise variable labels and enhance anonymisation.  </div></div> How to access genetic and/or bio-medical sample data from a range of longitudinal surveys: For information on how to access biomedical data from MCS that are not held at the UKDS, see the <a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/data-access-training/genetic-data-and-biological-samples/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CLS Genetic data and biological samples</a> webpage. Secure Access datasets: Secure Access versions of the MCS have more restrictive access conditions than versions available under the standard End User Licence or Special Licence (see 'Access data' tab above). Secure Access versions of the MCS include: <ul><li>detailed sensitive variables not available under EUL. These have been grouped thematically and are held under SN 8753 (socio-economic, accommodation and occupational data), SN 8754 (self-reported health, behaviour and fertility), SN 8755 (demographics, language and religion) and SN 8756 (exact participation dates). These files replace previously available studies held under SNs 8456 and 8622-8627 </li><li>detailed geographical identifier files which are grouped by sweep held under SN 7758 (MCS1), SN 7759 (MCS2), SN 7760 (MCS3), SN 7761 (MCS4), SN 7762 (MCS5 2001 Census Boundaries), SN 7763 (MCS5 2011 Census Boundaries), SN 8231 (MCS6 2001 Census Boundaries), SN 8232 (MCS6 2011 Census Boundaries), SN 8757 (MCS7), SN 8758 (MCS7 2001 Census Boundaries) and SN 8759 (MCS7 2011 Census Boundaries). These files replace previously available files grouped by geography SN 7049 (Ward level), SN 7050 (Lower Super Output Area level), and SN 7051 (Output Area level)</li><li>linked education administrative datasets for Key Stages 1, 2, 4 and 5 held under SN 8481 (England).  This replaces previously available datasets for Key Stage 1 (SN 6862) and Key Stage 2 (SN 7712) </li><li>linked education administrative datasets for Key Stage 1 held under SN 7414 (Scotland)</li><li>linked education administrative dataset for Key Stages 1, 2, 3 and 4 under SN 9085 (Wales) </li><li>linked NHS Patient Episode Database for Wales (PEDW) for MCS1 – MCS5 held under SN 8302</li><li>linked Scottish Medical Records data held under SNs 8709, 8710, 8711, 8712, 8713 and 8714;</li><li>Banded Distances to English Grammar Schools for MCS5 held under SN 8394</li><li>linked Health Administrative Datasets (Hospital Episode Statistics) for England for years 2000-2019 held under SN 9030</li><li>linked Hospital of Birth data held under SN 5724.</li></ul>The linked education administrative datasets held under SNs 8481,7414 and 9085 may be ordered alongside the MCS detailed geographical identifier files only if sufficient justification is provided in the application. Users are also only allowed access to either 2001 or 2011 of Geographical Identifiers Census Boundaries studies. So for MCS5 either SN 7762 (2001 Census Boundaries) or SN 7763 (2011 Census Boundaries), for the MCS6 users are only allowed either SN 8231 (2001 Census Boundaries) or SN 8232 (2011 Census Boundaries); and the same applies for MCS7 so either SN 8758 (2001 Census Boundaries) or SN 8759 (2011 Census Boundaries). Researchers applying for access to the Secure Access MCS datasets should indicate on their ESRC Accredited Researcher application form the EUL dataset(s) that they also wish to access (selected from the MCS Series <a href="https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/series/series?id=2000031#!/access-data" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Access</a> web page). The seventh sweep of the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS7) was carried out when the cohort members were 17 years old. As 17 is a key transitional age, the sweep purposefully focused on engaging with the cohort members themselves (in addition to their parents). MCS7 marks an important transitional time in the cohort members' lives, where educational and occupational paths can diverge significantly. It is also an important age in data collection terms since it may be the last sweep at which parents are interviewed and it is an age when direct engagement with the cohort members themselves rather than their families is crucial to the long term viability of the study. To reflect this, face-to-face interviews with the cohort members have been conducted for the first time. Cohort members were also asked to do a range of other activities including filling in a self-completion questionnaire on the interviewer's tablet, completing a cognitive assessment (number activity) and having their height, weight and body fat measurements taken. In addition, they were asked to complete a short online questionnaire after the visit. Parents were still interviewed at MCS7. Resident parents were asked to complete a household interview and a short online questionnaire, and one parent was asked to complete a Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) about the cohort member. Cohort members who were either unable or unwilling to complete the main survey were asked to complete a short follow up questionnaire online after the fieldwork finished. This contained some key questions and was designed to boost response and maintain engagement. For the second edition (March 2021), two new data files have been added (mcs7_cm_qualifications and mcs7_parent_derived), and five existing data files have been updated (mcs7_cm_derived, mcs7_cm_interview, mcs7_hhgrid, mcs7_parent_cm_interview, cs7_parent_interview). In addition the User Guide, the Derived Variables User Guide and the Longitudinal Data Dictionary have all been updated. Main Topics: Cohort Member interview (CAPI, CASI, CAWI): <ul> <li>family and home life</li><li>income and employment</li><li>education and schooling</li><li>health and physical activity</li><li>relationships with family</li><li>strengths and difficulties questionnaire</li><li>personality and attitudes</li><li>physical and mental health and well-being </li><li>relationships, sex and pregnancy </li><li>risky behaviours</li><li>identity</li><li>activities</li><li>risk time and preferences</li><li>learning and the future </li><li>cognitive assessment</li><li>physical Measurements </li></ul> Parent interview (paper, CAWI): <ul> <li>strengths and difficulties questionnaire</li><li>ethnicity</li><li>family situation</li><li>cohort member's likelihood of going to university</li><li>relationship with cohort member</li><li>health</li><li>employment and income</li><li>housing tenure</li><li>mental health</li></ul> For more information please see the questionnaires and the MCS7 User Guide. January 2018 - April 201908 January 201808 May 2019 United Kingdom IndividualsFamilies/householdsNational The sample population for MCS was drawn from all live births in the United Kingdom over 12 months (from 1 September 2000 in England and Wales and for 59 weeks from 22 November 2000 in Scotland and Northern Ireland). Numeric Longitudinal/panel/cohort Multi-stage stratified random sample Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)Face-to-face interview: Computer-assisted (CAPI/CAMI)Self-administered questionnaire: Computer-assisted (CASI)Psychological measurements and testsPhysical measurements and tests The Data Collection is available to UK Data Service registered users subject to the <a href="https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/app/uploads/cd137-enduserlicence.pdf" target="_blank">End User Licence Agreement</a>.Commercial use of the data requires approval from the data owner or their nominee. The UK Data Service will contact you.Personal/genealogical use of these data is not permitted. Additional conditions of use apply:I agree not to use nor attempt to use the Data Collections to identify the individuals from which the study sample was selected, nor to claim to have done so; andI agree not to link between the research identifiers supplied by the UK Data Service [MCSID] and any other identifiers previously issued. See <restrctn> https://www.bibliography.cls.ucl.ac.uk/ https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/ https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/publications-and-resources/ https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/item/uk.cls.mcs/0d8a7220-c61b-4542-967d-a40cb5aca430 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=6073 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=7942 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=853075 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=853326 https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/case-study/the-effect-of-infertility-and-its-treatment-on-child-health-and-development/ https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/case-study/does-premature-birth-affect-a-childs-long-term-health-or-development/ https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/case-study/what-predicts-our-level-of-well-being/ https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/case-study/parenting-and-contact-before-and-after-separation/ https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=8550 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=8306 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=8881 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=855087 https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/millennium-cohort-study/mcs-age-17-sweep/ https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/MCS7_Technical_Report.pdf Smyth, E. and I. Privalko (2022) 'The long road to secondary school: background, home learning environment and transition difficulties', ESRI Research Bulletin 202209, Dublin https://www.esri.ie/publications/the-long-road-to-secondary-school-background-home-learning-environment-and-0 Smyth, E. and Duta, A. (2022) 'Inequalities in children’s skills on primary school entry in Ireland and Scotland: do home learning environment and early childhood childcare explain these differences?', Longitudinal and Life Course Studies. doi:10.1332/175795921X16591139653249 https://doi.org/10.1332/175795921X16591139653249 Alterman N., Johnson S., Carson C., Petrou S., Kurinzcuk J.J., Macfarlane A., Boyle E. and Quigley M.A. (2022) 'Gestational age at birth and academic attainment in primary and secondary school in England: evidence from a national cohort study', PLoS One. 2022;17:e0271952 https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0271952 Black, M., Adjei, N.K., Strong, M., Barnes, A., Jordan, H. and Taylor-Robinson, D. (2023) 'Trajectories of child cognitive and socioemotional development and associations with adolescent health in the UK Millennium Cohort Study', Journal of Pediatrics, 263, 113611. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113611 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113611 Horvat-Gitsels, L.A., Cortina-Borja, M. and Rahi, J.S. (2023) 'Educational attainment and trajectories at key stages of schooling for children with amblyopia compared to those without eye conditions: findings from the Millennium Cohort Study', PLoS ONE 18(3): e0283786. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.02837 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283786 Yang, M., Carson, C., Creswell, C. and Violato, M. (2023) 'Child mental health and income gradient from early childhood to adolescence: evidence from the UK', SSM-Population Health, 24,101534. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101534 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101534 Stritzel, H., Green, M. and Crosnoe, R. (2022) 'A cross-national comparison of the linkages between family structure histories and early adolescent substance use', Social Science and Medicine, 315, 115540. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115540 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115540 Crosnoe, R. L., Johnston, C. A. and Cavanagh, S. E. (2021) 'Maternal education and early childhood education across affluent English-speaking countries', International Journal of Behavioral Development, 45(3), pp.226-237. doi:10.1177/0165025421995915 https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025421995915 Green, M.J., Stritzel, H., Smith, C., Popham, F. and Crosnoe, R. (2018) 'Timing of poverty in childhood and adolescent health: Evidence from the US and UK', Social Science and Medicine, 197, pp.136-143. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.12.004 Holford A. and Rabe B., (2024) 'The impacts of Universal Free School Meal schemes in England'. doi:10.5526/misoc-2024-002 https://www.iser.essex.ac.uk/research/projects/impacts-of-the-universal-free-school-meal-in-england Chiu, M.-S. (2023) 'Gender differences in mathematical achievement development: a family psychobiosocial model', European Journal of Psychology of Education, 38, 1481-1504. doi:10.1007/s10212-022-00674-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10212-022-00674-1 Onyimadu, O., Astbury, N.M., Achana, F. et al. (2024) 'Childhood transitions between weight status categories: evidence from the UK Millennium Cohort Study. PharmacoEconomics. doi:10.1007/s40273-024-01361-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-024-01361-3 Percy, C. (2024) 'Technical note: Looking deeper at destinations', London: The Careers and Enterprise Company https://www.careersandenterprise.co.uk/media/uh4jebzc/looking-deeper-at-destinations.pdf The Careers and Enterprise Company (2024) 'Careers education 2022/23: now and next: an analysis of careers education in secondary schools and colleges in England and what this means for students, educators, employers, parents and society', London: The Careers and Enterprise Company. https://www.careersandenterprise.co.uk/our-evidence/evidence-and-reports/careers-education-2022-23-now-next/ Philipp, M. F., Gambaro, L., and Schober, P. S. (2023) 'Breaking with traditions? How parental separation affects adolescents’ gender ideologies in the UK', Journal of Family Studies, 29(5), pp.2173–2194. doi:10.1080/13229400.2022.2153723 https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2022.2153723 Pesta, B.J., te Nijenhuis, J., Fuerst, J.G.R. and Shibaev, V. (2023) 'Links between ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and measured cognition in diverse samples of UK adults', Comparative Sociology, 22(6), pp.785-823. doi:10.1163/15691330-bja10094 https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10094 Allen, K., Melendez-Torres, G.J., Ford, T. et al. (2024) 'Parental domestic violence and abuse, mental ill-health, and substance misuse and the impact on child mental health: a secondary data analysis using the UK Millennium Cohort Study', BMC Public Health 24, 2310. doi:10.1186/s12889-024 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024 Shigemasu, K., Kono, M., Ikemoto, S. and Akabayashi, H. (2024) 'Causal effect of parental reading on later development of children: Demonstrating a Bayesian approach', British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 42, pp.293-304. doi:10.1111/bjdp.12482 https://doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12482 https://oai.ukdataservice.ac.uk:8443/oai/provider 8682 2024-11-29T07:24:45Z ddi:codebook:2_5