2026-04-29T15:00:27Z https://datacatalogue.cessda.eu/oai-pmh/v0/oai

278c1c1d69ffe35d311e77ad09198a630e3228875ef7d9dea15a807e2f28a1f0 2026-03-09T03:06:03Z language:enopenaire_data

DDI study level documentation for study 10.7802/3019 Russia’s Nuclear Signaling in the War Against Ukraine: A Chronology of the Biden Era Russia’s Nuclear Signaling in the War Against Ukraine: A Chronology of the Biden Era Russia’s Nuclear Signaling in the War Against Ukraine: A Chronology of the Biden Era 10.7802/301910.7802/301910.7802/301910.7802/3019 Horovitz, Liviu Horovitz, Liviu Smetana, Michal Smetana, Michal GESIS Data Archive for the Social SciencesGESIS Datenarchiv für Sozialwissenschaften nuclear signallingnuclear policyNATOUSAAtomAbschreckungSicherheitspolitikRusslandnuclear signallingnuclear policyNATOUSAAtomAbschreckungSicherheitspolitikRussland The research data described below was produced by the Working Paper titled "Russia’s Nuclear Signaling in the War Against Ukraine: A Chronology of the Biden Era" covering the period between February 24, 2022, and November 2025. The project traces Russian and Western political interactions with a nuclear dimension following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, building on the current state of research in International Relations and deterrence theory to address the question of how to interpret nuclear rhetoric. The central objective is to understand how nuclear interactions unfolded in the context of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In particular, the project brings the following questions to the fore: What statements and actions with a nuclear dimension did Russia and the West make in the context of the invasion? What reactions did Russia's nuclear rhetoric trigger among Western states? And in turn, how did Russia react to Western rejoinders, warnings, and counter-threats? To answer these research questions, the researchers collected all politically significant statements and actions by the Russian Federation and Western states, particularly the United States and NATO allies, with a nuclear dimension. The publication was produced under the leadership of Dr Liviu Horovitz from the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP) and Dr Michal Smetana from the Peace Research Center Prague (PRCP). The project was financed through the Strategic Threat Analysis and Nuclear (Dis-)Order (STAND) project at SWP, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Defence, and from summer 2024 onwards also by funding available to the PRCP. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive chronology of the nuclear rhetoric and escalation management strategies employed by Russia and the West in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. other keywords: nuclear weapon, nuclear disarmament, nuclear signalling, nuclear policy weitere Schlagworte: Nuklearwaffen, Atomwaffen, Nukleare Abschreckung, AtompolitikThe research data described below was produced by the Working Paper titled "Russia’s Nuclear Signaling in the War Against Ukraine: A Chronology of the Biden Era" covering the period between February 24, 2022, and November 2025. The project traces Russian and Western political interactions with a nuclear dimension following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, building on the current state of research in International Relations and deterrence theory to address the question of how to interpret nuclear rhetoric. The central objective is to understand how nuclear interactions unfolded in the context of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In particular, the project brings the following questions to the fore: What statements and actions with a nuclear dimension did Russia and the West make in the context of the invasion? What reactions did Russia's nuclear rhetoric trigger among Western states? And in turn, how did Russia react to Western rejoinders, warnings, and counter-threats? To answer these research questions, the researchers collected all politically significant statements and actions by the Russian Federation and Western states, particularly the United States and NATO allies, with a nuclear dimension. The publication was produced under the leadership of Dr Liviu Horovitz from the German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP) and Dr Michal Smetana from the Peace Research Center Prague (PRCP). The project was financed through the Strategic Threat Analysis and Nuclear (Dis-)Order (STAND) project at SWP, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Defence, and from summer 2024 onwards also by funding available to the PRCP. In summary, this study provides a comprehensive chronology of the nuclear rhetoric and escalation management strategies employed by Russia and the West in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine. other keywords: nuclear weapon, nuclear disarmament, nuclear signalling, nuclear policy weitere Schlagworte: Nuklearwaffen, Atomwaffen, Nukleare Abschreckung, Atompolitik UkraineUkraineRussische FöderationRussische FöderationVereinigte Staaten von AmerikaVereinigte Staaten von Amerika All statements and actions with a nuclear dimension by Russia and Western states. Time seriesTimeSeriesZeitreihenTimeSeries VollerhebungVollerhebung SummarySummaryZusammenfassungSummaryCompilation/SynthesisCompilationSynthesisKompilation/SyntheseCompilationSynthesis Free access (without registration) - The research data can be downloaded directly by anyone without further limitations. CC BY 4.0: Namensnennung (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de)Freier Zugang (ohne Registrierung) - Die Forschungsdaten können von jedem direkt heruntergeladen werden. CC BY 4.0: Namensnennung (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.de) http://dbkapps.gesis.org/dbkoai/oai.asp oai:dbk.gesis.org:SDN/10.7802_3019 2026-03-05 ddi:codebook:2_5