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          <titl xml:lang="en">DDI study level documentation for study ZA6980 International Social Survey Programme: Social Networks and Social Resources - ISSP 2017</titl>
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        <titl xml:lang="en">International Social Survey Programme: Social Networks and Social Resources - ISSP 2017</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="de">International Social Survey Programme: Social Networks and Social Resources - ISSP 2017</parTitl>
        <IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="GESIS">ZA6980, Version 2.0.0</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="de" agency="GESIS">ZA6980, Version 2.0.0</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="DOI">10.4232/1.13322</IDNo><IDNo xml:lang="de" agency="DOI">10.4232/1.13322</IDNo>
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Muckenhuber, Johanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Muckenhuber, Johanna
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Höllinger, Franz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Höllinger, Franz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria" xml:lang="en">Hadler, Markus
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institut für Soziologie, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Graz, Austria" xml:lang="de">Hadler, Markus
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">FORS, c/o University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia" xml:lang="en">Marinović Jerolimov, Dinka
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Social Research, Zagreb, Croatia" xml:lang="de">Marinović Jerolimov, Dinka
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="en">Krejčí, Jindřich
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic" xml:lang="de">Krejčí, Jindřich
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Clement, Sanne L.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Andersen, Johannes
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Andersen, Johannes
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Shamshiri-Petersen, Ditte
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Shamshiri-Petersen, Ditte
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Andersen, Jørgen G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Andersen, Jørgen G.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Larsen, Christian A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Larsen, Christian A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Severin, Majbritt C.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Severin, Majbritt C.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Nielsen, Alex S.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Nielsen, Alex S.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="en">Borregaard, Nicolaj
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Political Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark" xml:lang="de">Borregaard, Nicolaj
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">Méndez Lago, Mónica
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">Méndez Lago, Mónica
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="en">Cuesta, María
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS), Madrid, Spain" xml:lang="de">Cuesta, María
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="en">Melin, Harri
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology and Social Psychology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland" xml:lang="de">Melin, Harri
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="PACTE, Institut d´Etudes Politiques de Grenoble, Grenoble, France" xml:lang="en">Gonthier, Frédéric
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="PACTE, Institut d´Etudes Politiques de Grenoble, Grenoble, France" xml:lang="de">Gonthier, Frédéric
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centre Maurice Halbwachs, Paris, France" xml:lang="en">Forsé, Michel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centre Maurice Halbwachs, Paris, France" xml:lang="de">Forsé, Michel
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Clery, Liz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Clery, Liz
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="en">Phillips, Miranda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Centre for Social Research (NatCen), London, Great Britain" xml:lang="de">Phillips, Miranda
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="en">Kolosi, Tamás
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="TÁRKI Social Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary" xml:lang="de">Kolosi, Tamás
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="B.I. and Lucille Cohen, Institute for public opinion research, Tel Aviv, Israel" xml:lang="en">Lewin-Epstein, Noah
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="B.I. and Lucille Cohen, Institute for public opinion research, Tel Aviv, Israel" xml:lang="de">Lewin-Epstein, Noah
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland" xml:lang="en">Jónsdóttir, Guðbjörg A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland" xml:lang="de">Jónsdóttir, Guðbjörg A.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland" xml:lang="en">Ólafsdóttir, Sigrún
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Social Science Research Institute, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland" xml:lang="de">Ólafsdóttir, Sigrún
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK, Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Public Opinion Research Division, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Aramaki, Hiroshi
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK, Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Public Opinion Research Division, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Aramaki, Hiroshi
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK, Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Public Opinion Research Division, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="en">Murata, Hiroko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="NHK, Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, Public Opinion Research Division, Tokyo, Japan" xml:lang="de">Murata, Hiroko
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Morones, César
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Morones, César
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Morán, Mauricio
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Morán, Mauricio
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="en">Palacios, Felipe
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Instituto de Mercadotecnia y Opinión (IMO), Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico" xml:lang="de">Palacios, Felipe
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centre of Methods and Policy Application in the Social Sciences (COMPASS), University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="en">Milne, Barry
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Centre of Methods and Policy Application in the Social Sciences (COMPASS), University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand" xml:lang="de">Milne, Barry
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="en">Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty xml:lang="de">Social Weather Stations, Quezon City, Philippines
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="en">Khakhulina, Ludmila
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Levada-Center, Moscow, Russia" xml:lang="de">Khakhulina, Ludmila
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="en">Edlund, Jonas
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Department of Sociology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden" xml:lang="de">Edlund, Jonas
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Hafner-Fink, Mitja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Hafner-Fink, Mitja
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="en">Malnar, Brina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Centre (CJMMK), University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia" xml:lang="de">Malnar, Brina
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="en">Bahna, Miloslav
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute for Sociology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia" xml:lang="de">Bahna, Miloslav
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="King Prajadhipok’s Institute, Bangkok, Thailand" xml:lang="en">Bureekul, Thawilwadee
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="King Prajadhipok’s Institute, Bangkok, Thailand" xml:lang="de">Bureekul, Thawilwadee
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="King Prajadhipok’s Institute, Bangkok, Thailand" xml:lang="en">Thananithichot, Stithorn
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="King Prajadhipok’s Institute, Bangkok, Thailand" xml:lang="de">Thananithichot, Stithorn
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="King Prajadhipok’s Institute, Bangkok, Thailand" xml:lang="en">Sangmahamad, Ratchawadee
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="King Prajadhipok’s Institute, Bangkok, Thailand" xml:lang="de">Sangmahamad, Ratchawadee
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan" xml:lang="en">Fu, Yang-chih
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan" xml:lang="de">Fu, Yang-chih
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Australian Consortium for Social and Political Research Incorporated (ACSPRI), Alpinton, Australia" xml:lang="en">Blundson, Betsy
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Australian Consortium for Social and Political Research Incorporated (ACSPRI), Alpinton, Australia" xml:lang="de">Blundson, Betsy
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Australian National University, Melbourne, Australia" xml:lang="en">Evans, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Australian National University, Melbourne, Australia" xml:lang="de">Evans, Ann
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Australian National University, Melbourne, Australia" xml:lang="en">McEachern, Steven
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Australian National University, Melbourne, Australia" xml:lang="de">McEachern, Steven
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia" xml:lang="en">McNeil, Nicola
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia" xml:lang="de">McNeil, Nicola
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Renmin University of China, Beijing, China" xml:lang="en">Lulu, Li
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Renmin University of China, Beijing, China" xml:lang="de">Lulu, Li
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften, Germany" xml:lang="en">Wolf, Christof
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="GESIS Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften, Germany" xml:lang="de">Wolf, Christof
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="CVoter News Services Pvt. Ltd., Noida, India" xml:lang="en">Deshmukh, Yashwant R.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="CVoter News Services Pvt. Ltd., Noida, India" xml:lang="de">Deshmukh, Yashwant R.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania" xml:lang="en">Krupavičius, Algis
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania" xml:lang="de">Krupavičius, Algis
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="en">Struwig, Jare
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), Pretoria, South Africa" xml:lang="de">Struwig, Jare
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Tammenga, Suriname" xml:lang="en">Sno, Tamira
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Tammenga, Suriname" xml:lang="de">Sno, Tamira
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Smith, Tom W.
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="en">Davern, Michael
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="National Opinion Research Center (NORC), Chicago, USA" xml:lang="de">Davern, Michael
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stanford University, Stanford, USA" xml:lang="en">Freese, Jeremy
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Stanford University, Stanford, USA" xml:lang="de">Freese, Jeremy
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA" xml:lang="en">Morgan, Stephen
        </AuthEnty><AuthEnty affiliation="Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA" xml:lang="de">Morgan, Stephen
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        <topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Social behaviour and attitudes</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="de" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Soziales Verhalten und soziale Einstellungen</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND GROUPINGS</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="de" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">SOZIALE SCHICHTUNG UND GRUPPIERUNGEN</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="en" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=en-4.0">Family life and marriage</topcClas><topcClas xml:lang="de" vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/v2/vocabularies/TopicClassification/4.0?languageVersion=de-4.0.1">Familie und Ehe</topcClas>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">The International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) is a continuous programme of cross-national collaboration running annual surveys on topics important for the social sciences. The programme started in 1984 with four founding members - Australia, Germany, Great Britain, and the United States – and has now grown to almost 50 member countries from all over the world. As the surveys are designed for replication, they can be used for both, cross-national and cross-time comparisons. Each ISSP module focuses on a specific topic, which is repeated in regular time intervals. Please, consult the documentation for details on how the national ISSP surveys are fielded. The present study focuses on questions about social relations and social network.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">People with selected jobs of different branches in circle of close friends, relatives and acquaintances (e.g. bus / lorry driver, senior executive of a large company, home or office cleaner, etc.); opinion on social justice (too large income differences in the country, differences in people´s standard of living should be small in fair societies, responsibility of the government to reduce income differences, social benefits cause laziness); responsibility for the provision of health care for the sick, and care for older people (government, private companies/ for-profit organisations, non-profit organisations/ charities/ cooperatives, religious organisations, family, relatives or friends); frequency of activities of groups for leisure, sports or culture, of politial parties, politicial groups or associations, and of charitable or religious organisations that do voluntary work; opinion on personal influence in government decisions; first contact person to ask for help in household or garden, in household when ill, in depression, in giving advice in family problems, in enjoying a pleasant social occasion with (close family member, more distant family member, close friend, neighbour, workmate, someone else, no one); contact person or organisation to borrow a large sum of money, to find a job with administrative problems or official paperwork, to find a place to live, to look after oneself if seriously ill (family members or close friends, other persons, private companies, public services, non-profit or religious organisations, other organisations, no person or organisation); frequency of feeling companionship lacking, of isolation from others, and of feeling left out (past four weeks); how often people try to take advantage and how often try to be fair; people can be trusted vs. can´t be too careful in dealing with people; trust in national courts and in major private companies; willingness to help (duty of adult children to look after their elderly parents, take care of yourself and your family first, before helping other people, people who are better off should help friends who are less well off); pressure from family members about the personal way of life; too many demands from family, relatives and friends; frequency of angry or upset reaction of important people in life.  Social activities: frequency of going out with friends or acquaintances; frequency of making new friendships or acquaintances at these occasions; number of people in contact with on a typical weekday; frequency of face-to-face contacts with these people; frequency of contact with different relatives (parent, sibling, adult child, other family member), and close friend the respondent is most frequently in contact with; amount of contact with all family members and close friends via the internet; self-rating of general health status; frequency of impairments in the last 4 weeks (felt unhappy and depressed, felt difficulties unable to overcome); easy to accomplish own goals; life satisfaction.  Optional questions: Friendship should be useful; favours should be reciprocated; frequency of domination of one person in conversations with friends; frequency of consideration who sits near whom at meetings with friends; frequency of contact with the person from home town or the region of origin most frequently in contact with; frequency of contact with the person from religious community most frequently in contact with.  Demography: sex; age; year of birth; years in school; education (country specific); highest completed education level; work status; hours worked weekly; employment relationship; number of employees; supervision of employees; number of supervised employees; type of organisation: for-profit vs. non-profit and public vs. private; occupation (ISCO/ILO-08); main employment status; living in steady partnership; trade union membership; religious affiliation or denomination (country specific); groups of religious denominations; attendance of religious services; top-bottom self-placement; vote participation in last general election; country specific party voted for in last general election; party voted for (left-right); self-assessed affiliation to ethnic group 1 and 2 (country specific); number of children in the household; number of toddlers in the household; size of household; earnings of respondent (country specific); household income (country specific); father´s and mother´s country of birth; marital status; place of living: urban – rural; region (country specific).  Additional obligatory background variables: difficulties to make ends meet from total houshold´s income; language skills: number of languages in how the respondent is able to hold a conversation.  Information about spouse/ partner on: work status; hours worked weekly; employment relationship; supervision of employees; occupation (ISCO/ILO-08); main employment status. Supplementary optional background variable: highest completed education level of spouse/ partner.  Additionally encoded: respondent-ID number; date of interview (year, month, day); case substitution flag; flag variable indicating partially completed interviews; mode of data collection; weight; Country ISO 3166 Code, Country/Sample ISO 3166 Code, Country Prefix ISO 3166 Code.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="de">Das International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) ist ein länderübergreifendes, fortlaufendes Umfrageprogramm, das jährlich Erhebungen zu Themen durchführt, die für die Sozialwissenschaften wichtig sind. Das Programm begann 1984 mit vier Gründungsmitgliedern - Australien, Deutschland, Großbritannien und den Vereinigten Staaten - und ist inzwischen auf fast 50 Mitgliedsländer aus aller Welt angewachsen. Da die Umfragen auf Replikationen ausgelegt sind, können die Daten sowohl für länder- als auch für zeitübergreifende Vergleiche genutzt werden. Jedes ISSP-Modul konzentriert sich auf ein bestimmtes Thema, das in regelmäßigen Zeitabständen wiederholt wird. Details zur Durchführung der nationalen ISSP-Umfragen entnehmen Sie bitte der Dokumentation. Die vorliegende Studie konzentriert sich auf Fragen zu sozialen Beziehungen und sozialen Netzwerken.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="de">Personen mit ausgewählten Berufen aus verschiedenen Branchen im Freundes- und Verwandtenkreis (z.B. Busfahrer, Geschäftsführer eines Großunternehmens, Haus- oder Gebäudereiniger, etc.); Meinung zur sozialen Gerechtigkeit (zu große Einkommensunterschiede im Land, geringe Unterschiede im Lebensstandard in gerechten Gesellschaften, Verantwortung der Regierung zur Verringerung der Einkommensunterschiede, Sozialleistungen bewirken Faulheit); Verantwortung für die Gesundheitsversorgung von Kranken und die Betreuung älterer Menschen (Regierung, Privatunternehmen/profitorientierte-Organisationen, gemeinnützige Organisationen/Wohltätigkeitsorganisationen/Genossenschaften, religiöse Organisationen, Familie, Verwandte oder Freunde); Häufigkeit von Aktivitäten in Gruppen für Freizeit, Sport oder Kultur, in politischen Parteien, politischen Gruppen oder Verbänden sowie in gemeinnützigen oder religiösen Organisationen, die ehrenamtlich arbeiten; Meinung zum persönlichen Einfluss auf Regierungsentscheidungen; erster Ansprechpartner für Hilfe im Haushalt oder Garten, bei Krankheit, bei Depressionen, bei familiären Problemen, bei einem angenehmen gesellschaftlichen Anlass (nahes Familienmitglied, entfernteres Familienmitglied, enger Freund, Nachbar, Arbeitskollege, jemand anderer, niemand); Ansprechpartner bei finanziellen Problemen, bei der Arbeitsplatzsuche, bei administrativen Problemen, bei der Wohnungssuche und im Falle schwerer Krankheit (Familienmitglieder oder enge Freunde, andere Personen, Privatunternehmen, öffentliche Dienste, gemeinnützige oder religiöse Organisationen, andere Organisationen, keine Person oder Organisation); Häufigkeit des Gefühls von Einsamkeit, Isolation und Ausgeschlossensein in den letzten vier Wochen; Menschen versuchen, Vorteile zu nutzen vs. fair zu sein; Personenvertrauen vs. Vorsicht im Umgang mit Menschen; Vertrauen in nationale Gerichte und große Privatunternehmen; Hilfsbereitschaft (Pflicht erwachsener Kinder, sich um Eltern zu kümmern, zuerst um sich selbst und die eigene Familie kümmern, bevor man anderen hilft, besser Gestellte sollten schlechter gestellten Freunden helfen); Druck von Familienmitgliedern wegen persönlicher Lebensweise; zu viele Forderungen von Familie, Verwandten und Freunden; Häufigkeit wütender oder verärgerter Reaktionen von wichtigen Bezugspersonen.  Soziale Aktivitäten: Häufigkeit des Ausgehens mit Freunden oder Bekannten; Häufigkeit neuer Freundschaften oder Bekanntschaften bei diesen Gelegenheiten; Anzahl der Kontaktpersonen an einem typischen Wochentag; Häufigkeit von persönlichen Kontakten mit diesen Personen; Häufigkeit des Kontakts mit verschiedenen Verwandten (Elternteil, Geschwisterteil, erwachsenes Kind, anderes Familienmitglied), und enge Freunde, mit denen der Befragte am häufigsten in Kontakt steht; Umfang des Kontakts mit allen Familienmitgliedern und engen Freunden über das Internet.  Selbsteinschätzung des Gesundheitszustandes; Häufigkeit von Beeinträchtigungen in den letzten 4 Wochen (unzufrieden und deprimiert, unüberwindbare Schwierigkeiten); leicht, eigene Ziele zu erreichen; Lebenszufriedenheit.  Optionale Fragen: Freundschaft sollte nützlich sein; Gefälligkeiten sollten erwidert werden; Häufigkeit der Dominanz einer Person bei Gesprächen mit Freunden; Häufigkeit der Berücksichtigung, wer bei Treffen mit Freunden in der Nähe von wem sitzt; Häufigkeit des Kontakts mit der Person aus der Heimatstadt oder der Herkunftsregion, mit der am häufigsten Kontakt besteht; Häufigkeit des Kontakts mit der Person aus der Religionsgemeinschaft, mit der am häufigsten Kontakt besteht.  Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; Geburtsjahr; Jahre der Schulbildung; Bildung (länderspezifisch); höchster Bildungsabschluss; Erwerbsstatus; Wochenarbeitszeit; Arbeitsverhältnis; Zahl der Beschäftigten (Unternehmensgröße); Weisungsbefugnis; Anzahl der Mitarbeiter für die Weisungsbefugnis besteht; Art des Unternehmens: Profit vs. Non-Profit und öffentlich vs. privat; Beruf (ISCO/ILO-08); Hauptbeschäftigungsstatus; Zusammenleben mit einem Partner; Gewerkschaftsmitgliedschaft; Religionszugehörigkeit oder Konfession (länderspezifisch); Konfessionsgruppen; Kirchgangshäufigkeit; subjektive Schichteinstufung (Selbsteinstufung auf einer Oben-Unten-Skala); Wahlbeteiligung bei der letzten allgemeinen Wahl und gewählte länderspezifische Partei; Links-Rechts-Einstufung der gewählten Partei; Selbsteinschätzung der Zugehörigkeit zu einer ethnischen Gruppe 1 und 2 (länderspezifisch); Anzahl der Kinder im Haushalt; Anzahl der Kleinkinder im Haushalt; Haushaltsgröße; Einkommen des Befragten (länderspezifisch); Familieneinkommen (länderspezifisch); Geburtsland von Vater und Mutter; Familienstand; Urbanisierungsgrad des Wohnortes; Region (länderspezifisch).  Zusätzliche obligatorische Hintergrundvariablen: finanzielle Schwierigkeiten; Sprachkenntnisse: Anzahl der Sprachen, in denen der Befragte ein Gespräch führen kann.  Informationen über Ehegatten/Partner zu folgenden Themen: Erwerbsstatus; wöchentliche Arbeitszeit; Arbeitsverhältnis; Weisungsbefugnis; Beruf (ISCO/ILO-08); Hauptbeschäftigungsstatus.  Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten-ID; Datum des Interviews (Jahr, Monat, Tag); Kennzeichnungsvariable für die Ersetzung von Fällen; Kennzeichnungsvariable für teilweise durchgeführte Interviews; Art der Datenerhebung; Gewicht; Ländercode ISO 3166, Ländercode/Sample ISO 3166; Ländercode Präfix ISO 3166.</abstract>
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