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DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 3921 British Social Attitudes Survey, 1996 392110.5255/UKDA-SN-3921-1 Social and Community Planning Research Copyright National Centre for Social Research Leverhulme TrustNuffield FoundationDepartment of TransportBritish Broadcasting CorporationCountryside CommissionHome OfficeGatsby Charitable FoundationDepartment of Trade and IndustryIndependent Television CommissionDepartment of the EnvironmentDepartment of HealthDepartment of Social SecurityCharities Aid FoundationDepartment for Education and EmploymentEconomic and Social Research CouncilOffice of the National LotteryBritish Board of Film ClassificationBroadcasting Standards Commission UK Data Service 02 December 1998 ADOLESCENTSADVANCED LEVEL EXAMINATIONSAGEAGRICULTUREAIR POLLUTIONALCOHOLISMAMBULANCE SERVICESANIMAL RIGHTSAPARTMENTSARMED FORCESARTSASIANSASTROLOGYASTRONOMYATTITUDESAUDIOVISUAL MATERIALSBICYCLESBINGOBLACK PEOPLEBONUS PAYMENTSBOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHYBRITISH POLITICAL PARTIESBUILDING MAINTENANCEBURGLARYBUSINESSESCAR PARKING AREASCARDIOVASCULAR DISEASESCARE OF THE ELDERLYCATHOLICISMCENSORSHIPCENTRAL GOVERNMENTCHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONSCHILD BENEFITSCHILD CARECHILDRENCINEMACINEMA ATTENDANCECITIZENSHIPCIVIL SERVANTSCLASS CONSCIOUSNESSCLASS SIZECOMMUNITIESCOMPANIESCOMPANY CARSCOMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLSCONSERVATIVE PARTY (GREAT BRITAIN)COSTSCOUNCIL TAXCOUNTRYSIDECOUNTRYSIDE CONSERVATIONCOURTSCRIME PREVENTIONCRIMINAL DAMAGECULTURAL PARTICIPATIONCURRENCIESDAY NURSERIESDEATH PENALTYDECENTRALIZED GOVERNMENTDECISION MAKINGDEFENCEDEMOCRACYDEMONSTRATIONS (PROTESTS)DENTAL TREATMENTDENTISTSFOOD AND NUTRITIONDISABILITIESDISCIPLINEDISEASESDOMESTIC RESPONSIBILITIESDRIVINGEARTH SCIENCESECONOMIC ACTIVITYECONOMIC CONDITIONSECONOMIC POLICYECONOMIC VALUEEDUCATIONEDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATORSEDUCATIONAL BACKGROUNDEDUCATIONAL CHOICEEDUCATIONAL EXPENDITUREEDUCATIONAL FEESEDUCATIONAL GRANTSEDUCATIONAL RESOURCESEDUCATIONAL STANDARDSEDUCATIONAL TESTSELECTIONSELECTORAL RECORDSELECTORSELECTRIC POWER INDUSTRYDIGITAL GAMESEMPLOYEESEMPLOYERSEMPLOYMENTEMPLOYMENT HISTORYEMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIESEMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMESENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATIONENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONENVIRONMENTAL LAWENVIRONMENTAL MOVEMENTSEQUALITY BEFORE THE LAWETHNIC GROUPSEUROPEAN UNIONEVOLUTIONEXAMINATIONSEXHIBITIONSEXPECTATIONEXPENDITUREFAMILIESFAMILY MEMBERSFARMERSFIELDS OF STUDYFILMSFINANCIAL EXPECTATIONSFINANCIAL INSTITUTIONSFINANCIAL RESOURCESFINANCIAL SUPPORTFOOTBALL POOLSAIDFRAUDFREEDOM OF THOUGHTFRINGE BENEFITSFULL-TIME EMPLOYMENTFUTURE SOCIETYGAMBLINGGENDERGENERAL PRACTITIONERSGENETICSGIFTSGOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTSGREEN PARTY (UNITED KINGDOM)HEADS OF GOVERNMENTHEALTHHEALTH PROFESSIONALSHEALTH SERVICESHIGHER EDUCATIONMONUMENTSHOME BUYINGHOME OWNERSHIPHOME SELLINGHOMELESSNESSHOMOSEXUALITYHOSPITALIZATIONHOSPITAL SERVICESHOSPITAL WAITING LISTSHOUSEHOLDSHOUSESHOUSINGHOUSING CONDITIONSHOUSING TENUREHUMAN SETTLEMENTIDENTITYIMMIGRANTSIMMIGRATIONINCOMEINCOME DISTRIBUTIONINCOME TAXINDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTINDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINDUSTRIAL POLLUTIONINDUSTRIESINFORMATION MATERIALSINFORMATION SOURCESINSURANCEINTERGROUP RELATIONSINVESTMENTJOB CHANGINGJOB CHARACTERISTICSJOB EVALUATIONJOB HUNTINGJOB REQUIREMENTSJOURNALISTSJUDGESJUDGMENTS (LAW)LAW AND JUSTICELABOUR MIGRATIONLABOUR PARTY (GREAT BRITAIN)LABOUR RELATIONSLANDLORDSLASERSLAW ENFORCEMENTLAWFUL OPPOSITIONLEARNINGLEGISLATIONLEGISLATURELESSONSLIFE STYLESLOCAL COMMUNITY FACILITIESLOCAL FINANCELOCAL GOVERNMENTLOCAL EDUCATION AUTHORITIESLOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICESLOTTERIESMANAGEMENT OPERATIONSMANAGERSMARITAL STATUSMASS MEDIA USEMEDICAL CAREMEDICAL INSURANCEHEALTH-RELATED BIOTECHNOLOGYMEDICAL SCIENCESMEETINGSMEMBERS OF PARLIAMENTMINIMUM WAGESMIXED MARRIAGESMONARCHYMORAL VALUESMORTGAGESMOTIVATIONMOTOR INDUSTRYMOTOR VEHICLESNATIONAL CHARACTERNATIONAL IDENTITYNATIONALITYCOMMUNITY SAFETYNEWS ITEMSNEWSPAPER READERSHIPNEWSPAPERSEXPOSURE TO NOISENUCLEAR POWER STATIONSOCCUPATIONAL PENSIONSOCCUPATIONAL STATUSOCCUPATIONAL TRAININGOCCUPATIONSOCCUPIED TERRITORIESHOSPITAL OUTPATIENT SERVICESPARENT-SCHOOL RELATIONSHIPPAROLEPART-TIME EMPLOYMENTPARTNERSHIPS (BUSINESS)PATIENTSPERFORMANCEPERSONAL IDENTIFICATION DOCUMENTSPETROLPLAID CYMRUPOLICINGPOLICE SERVICESSOCIAL POLICYPOLITICAL ALLEGIANCEPOLITICAL ATTITUDESPOLITICAL AWARENESSPOLITICAL COALITIONSPOLITICAL EXTREMISMPOLITICAL INTERESTPOLITICAL ISSUESPOLITICAL LEADERSPOLITICAL PARTICIPATIONPOLITICAL POWERPOLITICAL CHANGEPOLITICAL SYSTEMSPOLITICAL UNIFICATIONPOLITICIANSPORNOGRAPHYPOVERTYPRE-PRIMARY EDUCATIONPREJUDICEPRICE CONTROLPRICESPRIMARY EDUCATIONPRISON SENTENCESPRISONERSPRISON SYSTEMPRIVATE EDUCATIONPRIVATE PERSONAL PENSIONSPRIVATE SECTORPRIVATIZATIONPRIZES (REWARDS)PROFIT SHARINGPROFITSPROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATIONPROTESTANTISMPUBLIC ENTERPRISESPUBLIC EXPENDITUREPUBLIC INFORMATIONPUBLIC OWNERSHIPPUBLIC TRANSPORTQUALIFICATIONSQUALITY OF LIFEETHNIC CONFLICTRACIAL DISCRIMINATIONRACIAL PREJUDICERAILWAY TRANSPORTRECREATIONAL FACILITIESREFERENDUMSREFUSEREHABILITATION (OFFENDERS)RELIGIONRELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONRELIGIOUS ATTENDANCERELIGIOUS BEHAVIOURRENTED ACCOMMODATIONRENTSRESIDENTIAL AREASRESIDENTIAL MOBILITYRETIREMENTRETRAININGRIGHT TO INFORMATIONREFUGEESRIGHT TO PRIVACYRIGHTS OF ACCUSEDRIGHT OF WAYROAD TOLL CHARGESROAD TRAFFICROADSROOM SHARINGROOMSSATELLITE RECEIVERSSATISFACTIONSCHOOL DISCIPLINESCHOOLSSCIENCESCIENCE MUSEUMSSCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTSCIENTIFIC INNOVATIONSCIENTIFIC RESEARCHSCIENTISTSSCOTTISH NATIONAL PARTYSECONDARY EDUCATIONSELECTIVE SCHOOLSSELF-EMPLOYEDSEXUAL BEHAVIOURSEXUAL OFFENCESSHARESSMOKINGLIBERAL DEMOCRATS (GREAT BRITAIN)SOCIAL ATTITUDESSOCIAL CLASSSOCIAL HOUSINGSOCIAL INEQUALITYSOCIAL INTEGRATIONSOCIAL ISSUESSOCIAL MOBILITYSOCIAL PROTESTSOCIAL SECURITYSOCIAL SECURITY BENEFITSSOCIAL WELFARESOCIAL WELFARE PHILOSOPHYSOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUSSPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATIONSPOUSESSPOUSE'S ECONOMIC ACTIVITYSPOUSE'S OCCUPATIONAL STATUSSPOUSE'S OCCUPATIONSTATE CONTROLSTATE RETIREMENT PENSIONSSTATE RESPONSIBILITYSTUDENT TRANSPORTATIONSTUDENTSSUPERVISORSSURGERYTAXATIONSCHOOLTEACHERSTECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATIONTELEVISION CHANNELSTELEVISION NEWSTELEVISION PROGRAMMESTELEVISION VIEWINGTENANTS' HOME PURCHASINGTERMINATION OF SERVICETHEFTTHEFT PROTECTIONTIMETOLERANCETRADE UNION MEMBERSHIPTRADE UNIONSTRAINING COURSESTRANSPORT PLANNINGTRUSTUNEMPLOYEDUNEMPLOYMENTUNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITSUPPER HOUSEVAGRANTSVIDEO RECORDERSVIDEO RECORDINGSASSAULTVISITS (PERSONAL)VISITS TO RECREATIONAL FACILITIESVOLUNTARY WORKVOTINGVOTING BEHAVIOURVOTING INTENTIONWAGE DETERMINATIONWAGESWALKINGWASTE COLLECTIONWATER POLLUTIONWEIGHT (PHYSIOLOGY)WILDLIFEWILDLIFE PROTECTIONWINNINGSWORK ATTITUDEWORKERS PARTICIPATIONWORKING CONDITIONSHOURS OF WORKWORKPLACEYOUTHZOOLOGICAL GARDENSEDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION Social behaviour and attitudesSocial conditions and indicators Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.Background The British Social Attitudes (BSA) survey series began in 1983. The series is designed to produce annual measures of attitudinal movements to complement large-scale government surveys that deal largely with facts and behaviour patterns, and the data on party political attitudes produced by opinion polls. One of the BSA's main purposes is to allow the monitoring of patterns of continuity and change, and the examination of the relative rates at which attitudes, in respect of a range of social issues, change over time. Some questions are asked regularly, others less often. Funding for BSA comes from a number of sources (including government departments, the Economic and Social Research Council and other research foundations), but the final responsibility for the coverage and wording of the annual questionnaires rests with NatCen Social Research (formerly Social and Community Planning Research). The BSA has been conducted every year since 1983, except in 1988 and 1992 when core funding was devoted to the British Election Study (BES). Further information about the series and links to publications may be found on the NatCen Social Research <a title="British Social Attitudes" href="https://natcen.ac.uk/flagship-surveys">British Social Attitudes</a> webpage.Main Topics: Each year, the BSA interview questionnaire contains a number of 'core' questions, which are repeated in most years. In addition, a wide range of background and classificatory questions is included. The remainder of the questionnaire is devoted to a series of questions (modules) on a range of social, economic, political and moral issues - some are asked regularly, others less often. Cross-indexes of those questions asked more than once appear in the reports.In the 1996 survey, information was collected on number of social issues including the following: political attitudes, housing, public spending, welfare, health care, labour market issues, the National Lottery, social divisions, political trust, Northern Ireland, taste and decency in the media, the countryside, transport, public understanding of science, education, local authority spending and charitable giving. Demographic data were also collected. Standard Measures The questionnaires contain three scales developed by researchers involved in the British Social Attitudes survey series and the British Election Study (BES) series. These are: `libertarian/authoritarian'; `left/right'; and `welfarist'. For details see the Technical Report on the 1996 BSA survey. For the second edition of this study (December 1999), two variables were corrected: the variables affected are LIBAUTHB and LFTRIGHB. These are the scale scores for the 'balanced' or 'BES-version' of the Left-Right and Libertarian-Authoritarian scales (see also SN:3890, British General Election Study, 1997 : Campaign Panel). For further details please see note and read file documentation for this study. May 1996 - August 199630 April 199631 July 1996 Great Britain AdolescentsIndividualsNational For the 1996 survey, 42 seventeen-year-olds resident in private households were also surveyed. These data are in a separate file. Numeric Repeated cross-sectional studyThe BSA survey is conducted annually. Multi-stage stratified random sampleSee documentation for each BSA year for full details. The Data Collection is available to UK Data Service registered users subject to the <a href="https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/app/uploads/cd137-enduserlicence.pdf" target="_blank">End User Licence Agreement</a>.Commercial use of the data and use of the data by commercial users requires approval from the data owner or their nominee. The UK Data Service will contact you. See <restrctn> https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/learning-hub/students/resources/quick-start-bsa/ https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/bounce?type=case-study&id=58 https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/bounce?type=case-study&id=123 https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/bounce?type=case-study&id=38 https://www.ukdataservice.ac.uk/bounce?type=case-study&id=151 https://natcen.ac.uk/flagship-surveys Tanner, W., Krasniqi, F., Blagden, J. (2021) 'Age of alienation: the collapse in community and belonging among young people, and how we should respond', Onward. https://www.ukonward.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Age-of-Alienation.pdf https://www.ukonward.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Age-of-Alienation.pdf Heller, A. L. (2021) 'Public support for electoral reform: the role of electoral system experience', Electoral Studies, 72. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2021.102348 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2021.102348 Begum, S. and Williams, M. (2023) 'Dear Stephen: Race and belonging 30 years on', The Runnymede Trust https://www.runnymedetrust.org/publications/dear-stephen-race-and-belonging-30-years-on Cooper, C.H.V., Fahey, K. and Jones, R. (2025) 'Biased perceptions of public opinion don't define echo chambers but reveal systematic differences in political awareness', PLOS ONE, 20(6): e0324507.doi:0.1371/journal.pone.0324507 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324507 https://oai.ukdataservice.ac.uk:8443/oai/provider 3921 2025-09-26T03:37:15Z ddi:codebook:2_5