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DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 5641 1970 British Cohort Study Response Dataset, 1970-2021 564110.5255/UKDA-SN-5641-4 University College London, UCL Institute of Education, Centre for Longitudinal Studies Copyright Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute Economic and Social Research Council UK Data Service 27 April 2007 CHILDRENCHILD DEVELOPMENTDATA ANALYSISSOCIAL RESEARCHSTATISTICAL DATA Family life and marriageHealthLabour and employmentSocial behaviour and attitudesSocial and occupational mobility Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.The 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70) is a longitudinal birth cohort study, following a nationally representative sample of over 17,000 people born in England, Scotland and Wales in a single week of 1970. Cohort members have been surveyed throughout their childhood and adult lives, mapping their individual trajectories and creating a unique resource for researchers. It is one of very few longitudinal studies following people of this generation anywhere in the world. Since 1970, cohort members have been surveyed at ages 5, 10, 16, 26, 30, 34, 38, 42, 46, and 51. Featuring a range of objective measures and rich self-reported data, BCS70 covers an incredible amount of ground and can be used in research on many topics. Evidence from BCS70 has illuminated important issues for our society across five decades. Key findings include how reading for pleasure matters for children's cognitive development, why grammar schools have not reduced social inequalities, and how childhood experiences can impact on mental health in mid-life. Every day researchers from across the scientific community are using this important study to make new connections and discoveries. BCS70 is run by the <a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/1970-british-cohort-study/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">Centre for Longitudinal Studies</a> (CLS), a research centre in the UCL Institute of Education, which is part of University College London. The content of BCS70 studies, including questions, topics and variables can be explored via the <a href="https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/item/uk.cls.bcs70/75fe4705-0c94-4f75-b1e6-ad9c61ffde26" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CLOSER Discovery</a> website. How to access genetic and/or bio-medical sample data from a range of longitudinal surveys: For information on how to access biomedical data from BCS70 that are not held at the UKDS, see the <a href="https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/data-access-training/genetic-data-and-biological-samples/" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">CLS Genetic data and biological samples</a> webpage. Polygenic Indices Polygenic indices are available under Special Licence SN 9439. Derived summary scores have been created that combine the estimated effects of many different genes on a specific trait or characteristic, such as a person's risk of Alzheimer's disease, asthma, substance abuse, or mental health disorders, for example. These polygenic scores can be combined with existing survey data to offer a more nuanced understanding of how cohort members' outcomes may be shaped. Secure Access datasets Secure Access versions of BCS70 have more restrictive access conditions than versions available under the standard Safeguarded Licence. The BCS70 Response Dataset contains response outcomes for all main sweeps of BCS70 (1970-2021). Latest edition information: For the fifth edition (March 2025), the data and documentation has been updated to include Sweep 11 outcomes.Main Topics: The variables cover response for each cohort member, for BCS70 sweeps 1970-2021. Users should order this dataset alongside the main BCS70 studies. Great Britain NationalIndividuals BCS70 cohort members Numeric Longitudinal/panel/cohort No sampling (total universe) Compilation/Synthesis The Data Collection is available to UK Data Service registered users subject to the <a href="https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/app/uploads/cd137-enduserlicence.pdf" target="_blank">End User Licence Agreement</a>.Commercial use of the data requires approval from the data owner or their nominee. The UK Data Service will contact you.Personal/genealogical use of these data is not permitted.Additional conditions of use apply:I agree not to use nor attempt to use the Data Collections to identify the individuals from which the study sample was selected, nor to claim to have done so; andI agree not to link between the research identifiers supplied by the UK Data Service [BCSID] and any other identifiers previously issued. See <restrctn> https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/cls-studies/1970-british-cohort-study/ https://bcs70.info/home/about/ https://cls.ucl.ac.uk/publications-and-resources/ https://www.bibliography.cls.ucl.ac.uk/ https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=www.ukdataservice.ac.uk&utm_campaign=UK%20Data%20Service:%20BCS70%20resources https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=4126 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=853526 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=7023 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=8053 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=8127 https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=854277 https://ukdataservice.ac.uk/case-study/do-smarter-children-avoid-drug-use-later-in-life/ https://beta.ukdataservice.ac.uk/datacatalogue/studies/study?id=855087 https://discovery.closer.ac.uk/item/uk.cls.bcs70/75fe4705-0c94-4f75-b1e6-ad9c61ffde26 Verkroost, F.C.J. (2022) 'A Bayesian multivariate hierarchical growth curve model to examine cumulative socio-economic (dis)advantage among childless adults and parents, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (Statistics in Society). doi:10.1111/rssa.129 https://doi.org/10.1111/rssa.129 Stannard, S., Berrington, A. and Alwan, N. (2019) 'Associations between birth order with mental wellbeing and psychological distress in midlife: findings from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70)', Plos One. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0222184 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222184 Stannard, S., Berrington, A. and Alwan, N. (2022) 'Understanding the early life mediators behind the intergenerational transmission of partnership dissolution', Advances in Life course Research, doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2022.100468 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2022.100468 Stannard, S., Berrington, A. and Alwan, N. (2022) 'The mediating pathways between parental separation in childhood and offspring hypertension at midlife', Scientific Reports. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-11007-z http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-11007-z Boero, G., Nathwani, T., Naylor, R. and Smith, J. (2021) 'Graduate earnings premia in the UK: decline and fall [online]', Cheltenham: Higher Education Statistics Agency. https://www.hesa.ac.uk/files/Graduate-Earnings-Premia-UK-20211123.pdf Cortes, R.A., Barr, R., Ryan, R.M. and Green, A.E. (2022) 'Fine motor skills during early childhood predict visuospatial deductive reasoning in adolescence', Developmental Psychology, 58(7), pp.1264–1276. doi:10.1037/dev0001354 https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0001354 Bernardi, L., Bridger, E. and Mattila, M. (2024) 'Voting propensity and parental depression', Electoral Studies, 89, 102800. doi:10.1016/j.electstud.2024.102800 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2024.102800 Boero, G., Nathwani, T., Naylor, R. and Smith, J. (2024) 'The college wage premium in the UK: Decline and fall?', Oxford Economic Papers. doi:10.1093/oep/gpae014 https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpae014 Boero, G., Cook, D., Nathwani, T., Naylor, R. and Smith, J. (2019) 'The return to a degree: new evidence based on the birth cohort studies and the Labour Force Survey', HESA. https://www.hesa.ac.uk/files/Return_to_a_degree_main_report.pdf Boero, G., Cook, D., Nathwani, T., Naylor, R. and Smith, J. (2020) 'How does the return to a degree vary by class of award?', HESA https://www.hesa.ac.uk/files/Return-to-degree-by-class-20200310.pdf Boero, G., Nathwani, T., Naylor, R. and Smith, J. (2021). Graduate earnings premia in the UK: Decline and fall?, HESA https://www.hesa.ac.uk/files/Graduate-Earnings-Premia-UK-20211123.pdf Czerwiński, S. K., Atroszko, P. A., & Konarski, R. (2025). Mental health of intellectually gifted individuals: Investigating the nonlinearity of the relationship between intelligence and general mental health. Health Psychology Report, 13(1), 39-54. doi:10.5114/hpr/187337 https://doi.org/10.5114/hpr/187337 Peycheva, D., et al. Mediation of the effect of prenatal maternal smoking on time to natural menopause in daughters by birthweight-for-gestational-age z-score and breastfeeding duration.... BMC Women's Health 25, 32 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03556-y Peycheva, D., Sullivan, A., Hardy, R. et al. Risk factors for natural menopause before the age of 45: evidence from two British population-based birth cohort studies. BMC Women's Health 22, 438 (2022). doi:10.1186/s12905-022-02021-4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-022-02021-4 Stannard, S., Berrington, A., Ziauddeen, N. et al. (2025) ‘Modelling the joint impact of early-life interventions on adult health: an illustrative example of multiple long-term conditions with role limitations in midlife using the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70)’, BMC Med 23, 642. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04467-3 John J., Stannard, S., Fraser, S.D.S., Berrington. A., Alwan, N.A. (2025) ‘Clusters and associations of adverse neonatal events with adult risk of multimorbidity: A secondary analysis of birth cohort data. PLOS ONE, 20(3): e0319200. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0319200 Stannard, S., Berrington, A., Fraser, S. D. S., Paranjothy, S., Hoyle, R. B., Owen, R. K., Akbari, A., Shiranirad, M., Chiovoloni, R., & Alwan, N. A. (2024) ‘Mapping domains of early life determinants of future multimorbidity across three UK longitudinal cohort studies’, Scientific Reports, 14(1), 2 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72275-5 Stannard, S., Berrington, A., Ziauddeen, N., Fraser, S.D., Paranjothy, S., Owen, R.K., & Alwan, N.A. (2025) ‘Modelling the effect of early-life interventions on the risk of multiple long-term conditions with role limitation in midlife: findings from the 1970 British cohort study (BCS70)’, BMC Med., https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04467-3 Alipio, K., Stannard, S., Ziauddeen, N., Fraser, S.D., & Alwan, N.A. (2025) ‘Predicting the risk of multiple long-term conditions with role limitation at 46 years using early life data from the 1970 British cohort survey’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 79:A63. https://jech.bmj.com/content/79/Suppl_1/A63.2.full Stannard, S., Berrington, A., Fraser, S. D., Hoyle, R., Paranjothy, R., Owen, R. K., & Alwan, N. A. (2024) ‘P03 Domains of early-life risk and obesity-hypertension comorbidity: Findings from two prospective birth cohorts’, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 78, A48. https://jech.bmj.com/content/78/Suppl_1/A48.1.info Stannard, S., Berrington, A., Ziauddeen, N., Owen, R. K., Fraser, S. D., Paranjothy, S., Hoyle, R., & Alwan, N. A. (2024) ‘Risk scores for five early life domains and odds of obesity and hypertension comorbidity. European Journal of Public Health, 34 (Supplement_3), ckae144.1460. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckae144.1460 Bourne, L. (2024) Towards an evidence base for clinical practice in Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): A multi-method investigation. PhD Thesis, University College London. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10204299/1/Bourne_thesis.pdf https://oai.ukdataservice.ac.uk:8443/oai/provider 5641 2025-12-23T06:27:31Z ddi:codebook:2_5