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          <titl xml:lang="en">DDI2.5 XML CODEBOOK RECORD FOR STUDY NUMBER 114</titl>
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        <titl xml:lang="en">MRC 83 County Boroughs Study, 1948-1973</titl>
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      <abstract xml:lang="en">&lt;P&gt;Abstract copyright UK Data Service and data collection copyright owner.&lt;/P&gt;</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between mortality rates in persons of both sexes and in various age groups and environmental indices, available for the 83 County Boroughs of England and Wales. The mortality rates are for the periods 1948-54, 1958-64, 1950-53, and 1965-67.</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">&lt;B&gt;Main Topics&lt;/B&gt;:&lt;BR&gt;</abstract><abstract xml:lang="en">Variables&lt;br&gt; Mortality (for deaths from all causes and for certain specific causes), live births, stillbirths, infant mortality rates. Demographic: per cent by age groups, population density by area. Household: amenities, tenure, rateable values, population density (persons per room).&lt;br&gt; Meteorological: temperature, sunshine, rainfall.&lt;br&gt; Per capita retail sales, unemployment, male employment, local authority expenditure.&lt;br&gt; Water hardness, air purity, smoking habits.&lt;br&gt; Measurements of population density, social class, overcrowding and education were made based on the article in &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Brit. J. Prev Soc Med&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; 1959, 13, 14. by C Daly.</abstract>
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        Gardner, M., Crawford, M. and Morris, J. (1968) 'Mortality and hardness of local water-supplies'&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, The Lancet, 827-831
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        Gardner, M., Morris, J. and Crawford, M. (1969) 'Patterns of mortality in middle and early age in the county boroughs of England and Wales'&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, British Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine, 133-140
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        Crawford, M., Morris, J. and Gardner, M. (1971) 'Changes in water hardness and local death rates'&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, The Lancet, 327-329
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            <IDNo xml:lang="en" agency="URN">Changes in water hardness and local death rates</IDNo>
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        Gardner, M. (1973) 'Using the environment to explain and predict mortality'&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, Series A, 421-440
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        Sedgwick, P., Gardner, M. and Crawford, M. (1972) 'Infant mortality and hardness of local water supplies'&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, The Lancet, 988-992
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